the dissolution of the manasteries essays

the disintegration of the manasteries expositions The Dissolution of the Monasteries and the occasions which followed, were completely achieved as an immediate consequence of the break with Rome. The purpose behind the break, lies essentially in Henrys dissatisfaction at his powerlessness to make sure about a separation structure his better half Catherine of Aragon, and a gift from the Pope for his new union with Anne Boleyn, albeit apparently, there was a requirement for renewal inside the congregation. Preceding the break with Rome, the congregation was overflowing with pluralism, simony (one of the popes fundamental failings) and penetrates of the promises of chastity. It is thusly certain that there were issues with the English church before the break, however despite the fact that it was disagreeable, numerous individuals including Henry stayed Catholic: A firm Catholic, he was quick to have ecclesiastical endorsement, and the more far-fetched this turned into, the more he had to scrutinize the Popes locale in England [2] To achieve a break, Henry required an avocation, and he would likewise need to guarantee that in actualizing the break itself, he was not seen as supporting blasphemy and the Protestant reorganization specifically. With the guide of consultant Thomas Cromwell, Henry intends to order the break with Rome utilizing resolution authority; that of the ruler, masters and center acting through parliament. A grouping of genuinely progressive demonstrations of parliament currently cut the bonds otherworldly, legitimate, money related which connected the English church and state to Rome [3] There were a few primary tourist spots in the break with Rome, the first was the demonstration in restriction of requests. This was a legitimization and meaning of regal incomparability, and was joined by Thomas Cromwell. It was the demonstration of incomparability in 1534 in any case, that would end up being Henrys most prominent advance forward in the break. It affirmed Henrys headship of the congregation and unequivocally saved the crown the rights to the sorting out and jurisdictional powers in the past held by the Papa... <!

Porche Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Porche - Essay Example Ferdinand had the correct blend of the minds required to effectively run a vehicle organization and the enthusiasm required to drive the development of Porsche. In the Prince Henry preliminaries in 1910, the creatively structured vehicle model which was driven by Ferdinand himself won the most renowned honor in the games class (Boatcallie, Chase, Salehi, Skrisovsky and Volio 2). In 1931, Ferdinand opened up his own organization under the name of Porsche in Stuttgart, Germany for playing out the exercises of building and discussion. The organization before long got agreements from the vehicle makers like the Wanderer, Auto Union and NSU for gracefully and plan of vehicles. Porsche had the vision to envision the requests of the present and connection it to the changing patterns in future. With inventive plans and impacting the accomplices to make vehicle model that would acknowledged around the world, Porsche conveyed the model of the Beetle which was taken up by the VW Group. The Beet le planned by Porsche experienced large scale manufacturing and had not lost its prevalence for the following 75 years. Ferdinand who was the originator of Porsche was a race-driver by enthusiasm and effectively took an interest in the dashing occasions. Ferdinand was additionally a specialist by calling. The author of the organization had the option to blend his enthusiasm in with the pioneering exercises as a designer and applied his thoughts and advancements in the field of assembling recently planned and imaginative vehicle models. After the demise of the author, his child assumed control over the charge of Porsche and began to grow the exchanging exercises through food of productively made imaginative vehicle models. Porsche got celebrated for its dashing vehicles and developed triumphant in the different assemblies that it took an interest. The 911 model was one of the well known hustling models worked by Porsche (Porsche1 1). The 911 model was exchanged the 70s, 80s and the 9 0s. In 1996, the

Biography of Augusta Savage, Sculptor and Educator

History of Augusta Savage, Sculptor and Educator Augusta Savage, an African American stone carver, attempted to prevail as an artist in spite of obstructions of race and sex. She is known for her figures of W.E.B. DuBois, Frederick Douglass, Marcus Garvey; Gamin, and others. She is viewed as a feature of the Harlem Renaissance expressions and culture restoration. Early Life Augusta Christine Fells Savageâ lived from February 29, 1892, to March 26, 1962. She was conceived Augusta Fells in Green Cove Springs, Florida to Edward Fells and Cornelia (Murphy) Fells. She was the seventh of fourteen kids. As a small kid, she made makes sense of earth, in spite of strict protests of her dad, a Methodist clergyman. At the point when she started school in West Palm Beach, an instructor reacted to her reasonable ability by connecting with her in encouraging classes in dirt demonstrating. At school, she earned cash selling creature figures at an area reasonable. Relationships She wedded John T. Moore in 1907, and their girl, Irene Connie Moore, was brought into the world the following year, quickly before John died. She wedded James Savage in 1915, keeping his name considerably after their 1920s separation and her remarriage to Robert L. Poston in 1923 (Poston passed on in 1924). Chiseling Career In 1919 she won an honor for her corner at the area reasonable in Palm Beach. The fairs director urged her to go to New York to contemplate workmanship, and she had the option to enlist at Cooper Union, a school without educational cost, in 1921. At the point when she lost the caretaking employment that secured her different costs, the school supported her. A bookkeeper got some answers concerning her budgetary issues, and organized her to shape a bust of African American pioneer, W.E.B. DuBois, for the 135th St. part of the New York Public Library. Commissions kept, including one for a bust of Marcus Garvey. During the Harlem Renaissance, Augusta Savage delighted in developing achievement, however a 1923 dismissal for a late spring of study in Paris in light of her race enlivened her to engage in legislative issues just as craftsmanship. In 1925, W.E.B. DuBois helped her get a grant to concentrate in Italy, however she couldn't finance her extra costs. Her piece Gamin brought consideration, bringing about a grant from the Julius Rosenwald Fund, and this time she had the option to fund-raise from different supporters, and in 1930 and 1931 she concentrated in Europe. Savage etched busts of Frederick Douglass, James Weldon Johnson, W. C. Helpful, and others. Prevailing notwithstanding the Depression, Augusta Savage started to invest more energy educating than chiseling. She turned into the primary chief of the Harlem Community Art Center in 1937 and worked with the Works Progress Administration (WPA). She opened a display in 1939, and won a commission for the 1939 New York Worlds Fair, putting together her models with respect to James Weldon Johnsons Lift Every Voice and Sing. The pieces were decimated after the Fair, yet some photographs remain. Instruction Overview Florida State Normal School (presently Florida A M University)Cooper Union (1921-24)with stone carver Hermon MacNeil, ParisAcademie de la Chaumiere, and with Charles Despiau, 1930-31 Retirement Augusta Savage resigned to upstate New York and ranch life in 1940, where she lived until in a matter of seconds before her passing when she moved back to New York to live with her little girl Irene.​

Ordeal by Fire Essay Example

Experience by Fire Essay Example Difficulty by Fire Essay Difficulty by Fire Essay In the wake of perusing the two books, â€Å"Ordeal by Fire† by James McPherson and â€Å"Slavery† by Stanley M. Elkins I would need to state the books are exceptionally independent on their way to deal with subjugation before the Civil War.â McPherson’s book took a gander at subjection as it identified with the Civil War.â Elkins book took a gander at the organization of slavery.â Both investigated the financial job and its establishment in slavery.â Both concurred that in examination Latin American slaves had a more troublesome life than slaves in Southern North America.â The distinctions in sees from these writers, that I could see, were standard perspectives at the time at which these books were written.â McPherson’s book was written in 1982 and Elkins was first distributed in 1959.â I will concede however that Elkins book was clearly route before its time.â His beliefs of slave character likely imagined the expression â€Å"slave ment ality†.â â€Å"How an individual considers Negro servitude truly has a lot of effect at this very moment; it will in general find him ethically corresponding to an entire scope of quick political, social, and philosophical issues which here and there allude back to slavery† (Elkins, 1959, p. 1).â In McPherson’s book he takes a gander at how â€Å"slavery shaped the establishment of the South’s particular social order† (p.31), and how this fit into a way of life in the south. When thinking about the severity of subjection Elkins fundamentally contended that subjugation in itself was merciless.   With McPherson, despite the fact that he didn't differ with fierce acts happening he just didn’t accepted they happen often.â He accepted that the owner’s control over his slaves â€Å"was frequently tempered by financial personal circumstance and here and there by paternalism† (p.34).â He composed, â€Å"Dead, mutilated, brutalized or runaway slaves develop pretty much nothing if any cotton† (p.34).â There was a gentleman’s code of noblesse oblige which required â€Å"beneficence towards inferiors†.â The utilization of influences, actuation, awards for good work and concessions between slave proprietor and slaves.â Overseers and bosses could â€Å"not rule by the whip alone†, McPherson composed. Bondage was a human foundation alongside a lawful and monetary one that assisted with giving purpose behind the dehumanizing of slavery.â Elkins composed of an innocent similarity slaves were instructed to keep them in line.â â€Å"Cruelty fundamentally can't be viewed as the essential key to this; of far more noteworthy significance was the basic â€Å"closedness† of the framework, wherein all lines of power plunged from the ace and in which elective social bases that may have bolstered elective guidelines were methodicallly suppressed† ( Elkins, 1959 p. 128).â One factor that McPherson expounded on is the impact of the family structure and how it has influenced African Americans from the beginning of time in years since his book was distributed much has been composed on that subject.â But at the time these books were composed the result of this messed up family structure was not yet completely perceived. Bondage in law was a type of property.â Human rights were something slaves didn't have.â â€Å"They couldn't legitimately wed, nor own property, nor be educated to peruse or write in most states† (McPherson, 1982 p.34).â They were permitted to have a family, in certainty after 1808 as a result of completion of the African slave exchange; this was empowered as characteristic multiplication of stock.â Some were permitted to acquire cash and in uncommon cases they could purchase their freedom.â But until they were free their family and cash could lawfully be taken from them whenever. In the two books absence of instruction among slaves served well for two or three reasons.â â€Å"The low degree of education was one of the main highlights recognizing the slave from the free populace of the South from the North.† (McPherson, 1982 p. 37)â There was a conviction that instructing a slave would make them have â€Å"dissatisfaction in their minds† that would cause uprising and rebellion.â â€Å"Every Southern state with the exception of Maryland and Kentucky had severe laws prohibiting anybody to train slaves perusing and composing, and in certain states the punishments applied to the teaching of free Negroes and mulattoes as well† (Elkins, 1959 p. 60).â Education in the North was exceptionally solid and powerless in the South abolitionist gave this concerning the explanation the South kept slavery.â Saying â€Å"this one principle for the ‘backwardness’ of the South and the indecency of slavery† (McPherson, 1982, p. 37 ) was the explanation subjugation was as yet rehearsed. In McPherson’s book discussed the hard working attitudes and slavery.â He composed of how servitude had sabotaged Southerners hard working attitudes and made them lazy.â Their battle to keep the foundation of bondage shielded them from tolerating new and better agrarian instruments for use in the fields and completion the monetarily unsound act of slavery.â A pundit of work propensities for the South and subjugation, Frederick Law Olmsted, accepted â€Å"that the normal free specialist in the North practiced twice as much as the normal slave.â Most slaves had little inspiration to improve their yield through harder work or more prominent efficiency.â They did not have the time order of current work habits.† (McPherson, 182 p. 36). The congregation impact was a device to keep a bond among ace and slave.â â€Å"The slaves communicated in a similar language and loved a similar Christian God as their owner.â Relationships of trust and warmth just as estrangement and scorn could exist among slave and master.† (McPherson, 1982 p. 34).â In Elkins book he presented the congregation as having moral authority over each man in each condition.â In the United States during the long stretches of servitude the main law that was steady to some degree the marriage and how it identified with chapel law was marital relations between slaves.â This managed relationships among ace and slave; known as concubinage.â Unlike Latin America and different countries of slave holder’s concubinage was censured and was not allowed.â Marriages, between slaves were allowed in these nations they were blessed by the congregation and ensured under law.â Many of the slaves despite everything rehearsed their own religio n in mystery in dread of discipline whenever found. The fierceness of servitude was an immediate aftereffect of Southerners commitment to constrained government and free enterprise capitalism.â I will in general concur with Elkins hypothesis that subjugation itself is brutal.â Openly demonstrations of severity were not a standard but rather a special case it was the straightforwardly ruthless social class framework slaves were set in that was the cruelest.â All one needs to do is take a gander at today’s society to see the drawn out influences this had on African Americans.â Both writers gave great sound contention on bondage, yet on the off chance that I needed to pick which gave a superior image of what subjection resembled I would need to state that is was â€Å"Slavery†. I found the book was somewhat harder to follow, yet gave a more extensive perspective on slavery.â In McPherson’s book there were just extremely 6 or 7 pages that truly managed slavery.â Even however Elkins book was written in 1 959, a period of social liberties, I thought he demonstrated more to subjugation than simply the monetary explanations behind slavery.â The outcomes of subjection have endure numerous ages and extremely just over the most recent fifty years the effects of this tempestuous time in history has quite recently started to be understood.â An entire culture and society was made out of slavery.â The Civil War changed a country, servitude changed a culture.â I found the image that McPherson gave was just shallow and in my readings gave me a comprehension of why the Civil War and subjugation were intertwined.â Elkins gave additionally importance to what bondage was about.

Identify and critically evaluate the most significant suitability Essay

Recognize and fundamentally assess the most huge appropriateness issues influencing Events or the occasions business. What are the possibilities for the future - Essay Example There may likewise be less monetary targets corresponded with the contemplations and the emotions during and after the occasion, of the individuals who are going to it (Raj and Et. Al., 2008). In the paper, a specific occasion industry will be concentrated according to its feasible improvement alongside the standards of manageable activities inside the business. Different aspects containing their budgetary elements, ecological impact, natural morals, different maintainability issues alongside their advantages, dangers and dangers, corporate social obligations toward the purchasers, natural review, advertising methodology and advertising, change of atmosphere and its suggestions alongside carbon impressions and financial plans will be taken into the thought in the conversation of this paper. The paper has been centered especially around sport occasions and game occasion industry. As indicated by Jones, manageable improvement is viewed as the ability to make practical turn of events and furthermore gives a guarantee that it can conform to the requirements of the present circumstance without thinking about the capacity of future desires (Jones, 2010). From the natural or ecological perspective, a reasonable framework relating with the earth keeps up a steady flexibly of assets alongside dodging abuse of sustainable assets or unsafe natural capacities and at last reduces non-inexhaustible assets to a limited degree (Harris, 2000) From the monetary perspective, a manageable improvement centers essentially around performing different activities so as to make a superior future for the individuals. Likewise, it distinguishes the circumstances where market costs of the economy don't appropriately coordinate with the outside costs (Harris, 2000). From the social viewpoint, an economical framework ought to perform different capacities like appropriate assignment of value; keep up the imperatives of social administrations like fitness,

Relationship Between Knowledge, Data And Information - 550 Words

Relationship Between Knowledge, Data And Information (Coursework Sample) Content: DATA, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGEInstitution:Name:In order for us to find out the relationship between data, information and knowledge, it is very important first we know the meaning of each term. Data is basically raw facts, meaning, data itself is meaningless. Information can be defined as processed data, implying that the raw facts are processed by the computer to give out useful thing which is information. On the other hand, knowledge definition is still something of interest to many research departments, based on traditional facts, knowledge can be defined as justified true belief and therefore it is viewed as dynamic (Nonaka 1995). Knowledge is associated to human deeds and is made from flow of messages. In this paper we are going to base our arguments on the relationship between the three terms.We are going to use the diagram below to help us identify the relationship between data information and knowledge with ease Context awarenessStage of awarenessDatanoyesdat ainformationStage of interpretationAbility to interpret?YesNoKnowledgeInformationContext awarenessStage of awarenessDatanoyesdatainformationStage of interpretationAbility to interpret?YesNoKnowledgeInformationFigure1 knowledge, data and information comparative to impending userIts is now clear from the above figure that knowledge can be grasped in the memory of a person. Other terms; Knowledge based system implies that it is possible to store knowledge externally. According to Omar, knowledge can be possessed outside human brain (Omar 2004).In general, data, information and knowledge in utter terms infers: Data is always data, knowledge is always knowledge and information are always information. Defining in comparative terms, for instance, information can be knowledge to some users and data for others (Stenmark 2002).Up to date, firms still face the problem of information deficiency or information shortage. The most cause of this problem is lack of important assets and authoritative abilities to handle issues tactfully. The environment upon which firm operates plays a vital position toward eradicating this problem. However, here are some ways if taken in to consideration by organizations may solve this problem; Organizations should: Anticipate in advance the kind of information they seek, identify the important carriers of information, streamline their capacity of information intake, be cautious of information props among other ...

Evaluation of the Business and Financial Performance - 7425 Words

Evaluation of the Business and Financial Performance (Research Paper Sample) Content: Running Head: AN EVALUATION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ROYAL DUTCH PLC BETWEEN 31ST DECEMBER 2008 AND 31 DECEMBER 2012byCourseProfessorInstitutionCity and stateDateContentsTOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u INTRODUCTION PAGEREF _Toc355668973 \h 4RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND OVERALL RESEARCH APPROACH PAGEREF _Toc355668974 \h 5Choice and selection of the organization PAGEREF _Toc355668975 \h 5Reasons for selection PAGEREF _Toc355668976 \h 5Research objectives PAGEREF _Toc355668977 \h 7Research questions PAGEREF _Toc355668978 \h 7Research approach PAGEREF _Toc355668979 \h 8INFORMATION GATHERING AND ACCOUNTING / BUSINESS TECHNIQUES PAGEREF _Toc355668980 \h 8Collection and Gathering of Data PAGEREF _Toc355668981 \h 8Data collection methods and sources of information PAGEREF _Toc355668982 \h 9Limitations in collecting and gathering of information PAGEREF _Toc355668983 \h 10Ethics concern in collection of data and Information PAGEREF _Toc355668984 \h 11Business and accountin g techniques used PAGEREF _Toc355668985 \h 12Financial Ratio Analysis PAGEREF _Toc355668986 \h 12SWOT analysis PAGEREF _Toc355668987 \h 14Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s five forces PAGEREF _Toc355668988 \h 14RESULTS, ANALYSIS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS PAGEREF _Toc355668989 \h 15Company corporate profile PAGEREF _Toc355668990 \h 15Products PAGEREF _Toc355668991 \h 15Corporate and shareholders PAGEREF _Toc355668992 \h 15Company operations PAGEREF _Toc355668993 \h 15Oil and Gas industry overview PAGEREF _Toc355668994 \h 16RATIO ANALYSIS FOR ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC PAGEREF _Toc355668995 \h 17Royal Dutch Shell PLC, profitability ratios PAGEREF _Toc355668996 \h 17Liquidity ratios analysis Royal Dutch Shell PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668997 \h 19FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ANALYSIS ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668998 \h 21Short-term (operating) activity ratios Royal Dutch Shell PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668999 \h 23SWOT analysis PAGEREF _Toc355669000 \h 25PORTERà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS PAGEREF _Toc35 5669001 \h 27CONCLUSIONS PAGEREF _Toc355669002 \h 28RECOMMENDATION PAGEREF _Toc355669003 \h 30IntroductionRoyal Dutch Shell plc is a multinational company commonly known as Shell, with a registered office in London, United Kingdom. This is one the largest company in the world in terms of profitability and revenue (Global shell 2013). Shell is one of the six leading oil and gas and it is one of the leading super majors with its subsidiaries and branches across the globe. In addition Shell is also asserted to be the world's most valuable companies (The Shell global 2013).Therefore it can be argued to being among the largest Companies in the world. The mother Company, Royal Dutch Shell revenue consisted of 84% of the Netherlands's $555.8 billion GDP, this shows the huge and strong financial capability of this company(The Shell global 2013).Shell Company is notably integrated in various areas majorly oil and gas industry which involves production, refining, exploration, petrochemicals, power generation, trading and marketing(The Shell global 2013).The company is also involved with renewable energy activities including bio-fuels. The company has its operations in more than 100 countries with 44,000 service stations across the world (Shell Global 2013). This translates in to a production of about 3.1Âmillion barrels of oil per day globally. One of its major largest businesses is its subsidiary in the United States. Financial trading activities are its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange constituting of the FTSE 100 Index. According to EBIT Financial Analyses Center 2012 as of July 2012, the company was the largest company on the FTSE having a market capitalization of  £140.9Âbillion (The Shell global 2013).Research objectives and overall research approachChoice and selection of the organizationI have selected the "The business and financial analysis" and the Research and Analysis Project is in the context of Royal Dutch Shell plc financial s tatements. The financial analysis is based on the performance of Royal Dutch Shell plc over three financial periods. The key major focus of this research report is Royal Dutch Shell plc which is the current largest multinational oil and gas company. Various financial analytical tools are used to evaluate its business operations and financial performance over the three years period from 2010 to 2012. This business and financial analysis entails both financial and non-financial aspects of the organization and the impacts of the internal and external factors that significantly affect the financial performance of the company (Thomas 2012). The major analytical tools and techniques are the SWOT analysis, Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Five Forces analysis and, financial ratios analysis.Reasons for selection 1 There are a number of reasons for choosing "The business and financial analysis" basing on the financial dimensions of Royal Dutch Shell plc. These reasons entail the following. 2 Financial rat io analysis is an interesting area in the current corporate world, this attributes to the fact that it can be used to predict the financial position and performance of a company in the future. In the context of Applied Accounting and Research and Analysis this topic is most relevant and appropriate. This topic to me is appropriate because the various statistical financial techniques, porters five forces analysis and SWOT analysis can be applied in a real company and its desired outcomes and specifications achieved. It is also notable to me that in applying these techniques, theories and models on such a big organization am very much motivated. 3 Royal Dutch Shell plc is a multinational company which has its operations in almost of the multinational countries across the entire continent. I have a lot of curiosity to know how it has managed its financial capability and sustainability since its establishment considering that the key major commodity which is oil and gas is perceived to being a basic commodity globally. 4 Thirdly is that Oil and gas industry is one of the lucrative industry globally attracting many competing companies. This industry is one of the leading contributors to the Netherlands economy and other economies across the globe. Thus its financial analysis will give me a greater insight on how it is able to achieve this. 5 Fourthly is the fact that by choosing Royal Dutch Shell plc gives me an opportunity to make a critical analysis on the reasons why it has emerged the most competitive key player in oil and gas industry globally in comparison with other competing firms in the industry. 6 Finally is that Royal Dutch Shell plc has been leading company for a long time in Oil and gas industry gaining recognition with other companies in other sectors. By analyzing its financials will enable me identify its key milestones, sustainability and continuous gaining of market shares in both new and existing global markets.Research objectives 1 To have under standing on how companies in Oil and gas industry operate in a country. 2 To conduct company corporate appraisal to identify profitable company strengths and opportunities to counter weaknesses and threats. 3 To analyze the company business and financials over the three year period and giving interpretations for profitability, asset management, liquidity, equity and financial leverage values and their significance to its performance. 4 To use Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s five forces model for the industry competitive intensity defining the company financial and strategic position in the market.Research questionsWith a suitability and appropriateness of the topic and organization, the following are the research questions that this research analysis project seeks further clarification and answers. In addition these research questions sets a basis and clarification foundation for the project core objectives. The questions include: 1 Where can I obtain reliable and relevant sources of information for the research? And what is their accessibility? 2 What is the suitable approach can I adopt in order to realize the project objective outcomes? 3 What is the reliability and appropriateness of both the primary and secondary sources of information? 4 What are the necessary IT skills and technical skills for reviewing journals and books required in the preparation of this research project? 5 What are the key major areas of business financial analysis necessary for this research project and the appropriate conclusions that can be asserted from the underlying analysis?Research approachThe following is the research approach I adopted considering the project research questions and objectives. Project scheduling is a priority in setting time outline, itinvolved consideration of amount of data to be collected and time to finish analyzing. Time framework for consultation, submission date and the anticipated challenges are considered (Crane 2008). Secondly is conducting the research accom plishing the requirements within the time framework achieving the set objectives. I adopted Sequence approach gathering the relevant company information, economy and oil and gas industry thereafter proceeding to the analysis stage. From the data analysis I drew conclusions and started reviewing the project as a whole making appropriate adjustments and corrections. Finally I made adjustments putting more weight on important areas and removing what was irrelevant and putting more emphasis on data analysis and interpretation.Information gathering and accounting / business techniquesCollection and Gathering of DataThis is being a crucial step involved verification and determining validity, reliability, relevance and accuracy of the data to be used. The so... Evaluation of the Business and Financial Performance - 7425 Words Evaluation of the Business and Financial Performance (Research Paper Sample) Content: Running Head: AN EVALUATION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ROYAL DUTCH PLC BETWEEN 31ST DECEMBER 2008 AND 31 DECEMBER 2012byCourseProfessorInstitutionCity and stateDateContentsTOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u INTRODUCTION PAGEREF _Toc355668973 \h 4RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND OVERALL RESEARCH APPROACH PAGEREF _Toc355668974 \h 5Choice and selection of the organization PAGEREF _Toc355668975 \h 5Reasons for selection PAGEREF _Toc355668976 \h 5Research objectives PAGEREF _Toc355668977 \h 7Research questions PAGEREF _Toc355668978 \h 7Research approach PAGEREF _Toc355668979 \h 8INFORMATION GATHERING AND ACCOUNTING / BUSINESS TECHNIQUES PAGEREF _Toc355668980 \h 8Collection and Gathering of Data PAGEREF _Toc355668981 \h 8Data collection methods and sources of information PAGEREF _Toc355668982 \h 9Limitations in collecting and gathering of information PAGEREF _Toc355668983 \h 10Ethics concern in collection of data and Information PAGEREF _Toc355668984 \h 11Business and accountin g techniques used PAGEREF _Toc355668985 \h 12Financial Ratio Analysis PAGEREF _Toc355668986 \h 12SWOT analysis PAGEREF _Toc355668987 \h 14Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s five forces PAGEREF _Toc355668988 \h 14RESULTS, ANALYSIS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS PAGEREF _Toc355668989 \h 15Company corporate profile PAGEREF _Toc355668990 \h 15Products PAGEREF _Toc355668991 \h 15Corporate and shareholders PAGEREF _Toc355668992 \h 15Company operations PAGEREF _Toc355668993 \h 15Oil and Gas industry overview PAGEREF _Toc355668994 \h 16RATIO ANALYSIS FOR ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC PAGEREF _Toc355668995 \h 17Royal Dutch Shell PLC, profitability ratios PAGEREF _Toc355668996 \h 17Liquidity ratios analysis Royal Dutch Shell PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668997 \h 19FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ANALYSIS ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668998 \h 21Short-term (operating) activity ratios Royal Dutch Shell PLC, PAGEREF _Toc355668999 \h 23SWOT analysis PAGEREF _Toc355669000 \h 25PORTERà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS PAGEREF _Toc35 5669001 \h 27CONCLUSIONS PAGEREF _Toc355669002 \h 28RECOMMENDATION PAGEREF _Toc355669003 \h 30IntroductionRoyal Dutch Shell plc is a multinational company commonly known as Shell, with a registered office in London, United Kingdom. This is one the largest company in the world in terms of profitability and revenue (Global shell 2013). Shell is one of the six leading oil and gas and it is one of the leading super majors with its subsidiaries and branches across the globe. In addition Shell is also asserted to be the world's most valuable companies (The Shell global 2013).Therefore it can be argued to being among the largest Companies in the world. The mother Company, Royal Dutch Shell revenue consisted of 84% of the Netherlands's $555.8 billion GDP, this shows the huge and strong financial capability of this company(The Shell global 2013).Shell Company is notably integrated in various areas majorly oil and gas industry which involves production, refining, exploration, petrochemicals, power generation, trading and marketing(The Shell global 2013).The company is also involved with renewable energy activities including bio-fuels. The company has its operations in more than 100 countries with 44,000 service stations across the world (Shell Global 2013). This translates in to a production of about 3.1Âmillion barrels of oil per day globally. One of its major largest businesses is its subsidiary in the United States. Financial trading activities are its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange constituting of the FTSE 100 Index. According to EBIT Financial Analyses Center 2012 as of July 2012, the company was the largest company on the FTSE having a market capitalization of  £140.9Âbillion (The Shell global 2013).Research objectives and overall research approachChoice and selection of the organizationI have selected the "The business and financial analysis" and the Research and Analysis Project is in the context of Royal Dutch Shell plc financial s tatements. The financial analysis is based on the performance of Royal Dutch Shell plc over three financial periods. The key major focus of this research report is Royal Dutch Shell plc which is the current largest multinational oil and gas company. Various financial analytical tools are used to evaluate its business operations and financial performance over the three years period from 2010 to 2012. This business and financial analysis entails both financial and non-financial aspects of the organization and the impacts of the internal and external factors that significantly affect the financial performance of the company (Thomas 2012). The major analytical tools and techniques are the SWOT analysis, Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Five Forces analysis and, financial ratios analysis.Reasons for selection 1 There are a number of reasons for choosing "The business and financial analysis" basing on the financial dimensions of Royal Dutch Shell plc. These reasons entail the following. 2 Financial rat io analysis is an interesting area in the current corporate world, this attributes to the fact that it can be used to predict the financial position and performance of a company in the future. In the context of Applied Accounting and Research and Analysis this topic is most relevant and appropriate. This topic to me is appropriate because the various statistical financial techniques, porters five forces analysis and SWOT analysis can be applied in a real company and its desired outcomes and specifications achieved. It is also notable to me that in applying these techniques, theories and models on such a big organization am very much motivated. 3 Royal Dutch Shell plc is a multinational company which has its operations in almost of the multinational countries across the entire continent. I have a lot of curiosity to know how it has managed its financial capability and sustainability since its establishment considering that the key major commodity which is oil and gas is perceived to being a basic commodity globally. 4 Thirdly is that Oil and gas industry is one of the lucrative industry globally attracting many competing companies. This industry is one of the leading contributors to the Netherlands economy and other economies across the globe. Thus its financial analysis will give me a greater insight on how it is able to achieve this. 5 Fourthly is the fact that by choosing Royal Dutch Shell plc gives me an opportunity to make a critical analysis on the reasons why it has emerged the most competitive key player in oil and gas industry globally in comparison with other competing firms in the industry. 6 Finally is that Royal Dutch Shell plc has been leading company for a long time in Oil and gas industry gaining recognition with other companies in other sectors. By analyzing its financials will enable me identify its key milestones, sustainability and continuous gaining of market shares in both new and existing global markets.Research objectives 1 To have under standing on how companies in Oil and gas industry operate in a country. 2 To conduct company corporate appraisal to identify profitable company strengths and opportunities to counter weaknesses and threats. 3 To analyze the company business and financials over the three year period and giving interpretations for profitability, asset management, liquidity, equity and financial leverage values and their significance to its performance. 4 To use Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s five forces model for the industry competitive intensity defining the company financial and strategic position in the market.Research questionsWith a suitability and appropriateness of the topic and organization, the following are the research questions that this research analysis project seeks further clarification and answers. In addition these research questions sets a basis and clarification foundation for the project core objectives. The questions include: 1 Where can I obtain reliable and relevant sources of information for the research? And what is their accessibility? 2 What is the suitable approach can I adopt in order to realize the project objective outcomes? 3 What is the reliability and appropriateness of both the primary and secondary sources of information? 4 What are the necessary IT skills and technical skills for reviewing journals and books required in the preparation of this research project? 5 What are the key major areas of business financial analysis necessary for this research project and the appropriate conclusions that can be asserted from the underlying analysis?Research approachThe following is the research approach I adopted considering the project research questions and objectives. Project scheduling is a priority in setting time outline, itinvolved consideration of amount of data to be collected and time to finish analyzing. Time framework for consultation, submission date and the anticipated challenges are considered (Crane 2008). Secondly is conducting the research accom plishing the requirements within the time framework achieving the set objectives. I adopted Sequence approach gathering the relevant company information, economy and oil and gas industry thereafter proceeding to the analysis stage. From the data analysis I drew conclusions and started reviewing the project as a whole making appropriate adjustments and corrections. Finally I made adjustments putting more weight on important areas and removing what was irrelevant and putting more emphasis on data analysis and interpretation.Information gathering and accounting / business techniquesCollection and Gathering of DataThis is being a crucial step involved verification and determining validity, reliability, relevance and accuracy of the data to be used. The so...

Putting Juveniles in Juvenile Detention Does It Help

If a ruthless fifteen-year old killed your mother, how would you want the inhumane murderer to be punished? How would you feel if you never got to see your mother alive again while her killer served only a short sentence before being released from jail? Clearly, one would want the worst violent punishment for that murderer to experience. We have to have a system where juveniles, even young juveniles, who commit extremely sophisticated violent criminalities, are not beyond the reach of the law. Truly, children are children. They are reckless and naà ¯ve when it comes to their actions, however if one commits a crime, moreover a violent crime, must be punished impartially according to what he/she deserves regardless of the age. Children who commit violent crimes should be held accountable for their actions and tried as adults. Putting juveniles in Juvenile court where in you are peer rehabilitated through a more lenient way through a certain period of timenstead of adult courts tend to worsen their condition. Research has shown that peer exposure can worsen behavior of a Juvenile. Scholars found that rather than rehabilitating the morals of these young delinquents, juvenile detention that lumps troubled kids in with other troubled kids appeared to aggravate their behavior problems. Compared with other kids with a similar history of bad behavior, those who entered the juvenile-justice system were nearly seven times more likely to be arrested for crimes as adults.Show MoreRelatedIs Incarcerating Youth As Justice? Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Question: Which are the main reasons why teenagers become â€Å"Juvenile Offenders† and how does Incarcerating them can help? Entry #1: Maynard, Robyn. Incarcerating youth as justice? An in-depth examination of youth, incarceration, and restorative justice. Canadian Dimension Sept.-Oct. 2011: 25+. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. Summary Evaluation: In the article â€Å"Incarcerating Youth As Justice? An In-depth Examination Of Youth, Incarceration, And Restorative JusticeRead MoreJuvenile Justice And Delinquency Prevention Act Of 19741625 Words   |  7 PagesA juvenile or â€Å"youthful inmate† as defined by the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) is any person under the age of eighteen who is under adult-court supervision and incarcerated or detained in a prison or jail. While PREA defines a juvenile as under the age of eighteen the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (JJDPA) allows the states to set their own definition of a juvenile (Lahey). This discrepancy in the definition of a juvenile has caused problems and slow progressRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The Juvenile Justice System1601 Words   |  7 Pagesof the last things that come to mind is the juvenile justice system. Nevertheless, nothing is more important than the juvenile justice system because the juveniles within the system a re the future working class and citizens of America. Therefore, it is important that they receive the necessary punishment and rehabilitation to move past mistakes they previously made. However, there are aspects that push against the goal of rehabilitation in the juvenile justice system such as the misuse or lack ofRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is The Highest Rate For Juvenile Crime1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe way the courts deal with juvenile delinquents varies depending on the country. Even the age of criminal responsibility is different depending on the country. Most people think when you become 18 you are no longer a minor and can be charged as an adult, well in Japan until you are 20 you can still be charged as a minor. In germany they consider 21 a legal adult .On the other hand when you become 17 in Australia you are charged as an adult. They way they treat juveniles in prison also differs. TheRead MoreThe Effects Of Juvenile Treatment On The Justice System Essay984 Words   |  4 Pagesaway from society to prevent the opportunity to do more harm. When a juvenile is arrested for an offense, the police cannot hold them for longer than 2 hours or they should be released to a Juvenile Community Corrections Officer and held in a secure detention facility. They should not be questioned without a parent being present, and be kept separate from adults (Kids Legal, 2013). They are more impressionable and the time to help them is when they first start, to prevent them from continuing on theRead MoreJuvenile Detention : A Second Chance Towards Life1425 Words   |  6 PagesSeptember 2014 Juvenile Detention, a second chance towards life The juvenile court established in Chicago in 1899 defines a juvenile as a youth who is not old enough to be held responsible for his crimes. Every state has a standard threshold for age, which classifies the person as an adult or minor. Accordingly, they are prosecuted in the adult or juvenile courts as per their age. United States have experienced an increase in its crime rate in the last few decades. The number of juvenile crimes has increasedRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : A Controversial Issue Within The Criminal Justice System2342 Words   |  10 Pages Juvenile delinquency has become a controversial issue within the Criminal Justice system. In the United States, juvenile delinquency refers to disruptive and criminal behavior committed by an individual under the age of 18. In many states, a minor at the age of 16 to 17  ½ can be tried as an adult. Once the individual reaches adulthood, the disruptive and criminal behavior is recognized as a crime. However, the criminal justic e system has divided juvenile delinquency into two general types of categoriesRead MoreJuvenile Court Vs. Adult1452 Words   |  6 PagesNowadays, murders, rapists and other heinous crimes can be committed by anyone. A fourteen-year-old teenager murders someone or does a massacre in school can be often seen from the headline news of newspaper. However, these youth criminals may have much less severe punishment than adults may have who have done the same crime. A criminal is a criminal that must be punished as no difference between adult and youths; especially, the crimes are categorized under murder and rape. A bullet wound just hurtRead MoreThe Crimes And Crimes Of The United States1441 Words   |  6 PagesIn class essay #1 Nowadays, murders, rapists and other heinous crimes can be committed by anyone. A fourteen-year-old teenager murders someone or does a massacre in school can be often seen from the headline news of newspaper. However, these youth criminals may have much less severe punishment than adults may have who have done the same crime. A criminal is a criminal that must be punished as no difference between adult and youths; especially, the crimes are categorized under murder and rape. A bulletRead MoreJuveniles Getting Adult Jail Sentences: A Persuasive Essay1526 Words   |  6 PagesJuveniles getting Adult Jail Sentences Should juveniles get adult jail sentences? In todays society juvenile offenders are facing the law to full force, in two court systems. Not only are they tried in the juvenile justice system, but also charged as adults. The issue of charging juveniles as adults has stirred various views owing to the violent crimes committed by the young offenders. Politicians comment that the best solution is to lock up juvenile offenders for a long time and ignore rehabilitation

America Stands For Freedom And Diversity - 1053 Words

America stands for freedom and diversity. It’s about people of all different races, background, and history coming together to form one big country. I also think America stands for freedom of speech. It’s one of the big reason why foreigners move here. That what makes America so great we have so many people from all over who have experienced so many different things and have different perspectives and they can come to together and make a good plan for us as a country. Some countries you re not even allowed to have freedom of speech. Countries like Burma, North Korea, Turkmenistan and Libya people are not allowed to say negative things about politics and if they think the country is being run the wrong way. If they do then they can have serious penalties. America though is a place where people can speak their mind and not have any penalty for it. It s one of the many key attractions for so many people coming here and it being the 3rd biggest country with 322 million peop le and it being considered one of the world s more diverse countries. I think we want to be perceived at country that is welcoming and friendly to newcomers. We fill that role pretty well. I was looking up on how americans are perceived on google and come across many blogs where foreigners had responses on their opinions on how they see americans. Most people were really positive on what they thought about americans. They liked their friendliness and would go back to America if they had the chance. OtherShow MoreRelatedEssay On Cultural Identity1156 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by a European immigrant who moved to the US when it was still a new world. In the capturing of the ideals of a country in the making. However, in doing so and including my edits to the essay to adapt to the modern America, I attempt to compare and contrast what America once was and what it has become, both in good and in bad ways. For example Crevecoeur writes: â€Å"It is not composed, as in Europe, of great lords who possess every thing and of a herd of people who have nothing. Here are no aristocraticalRead MoreMy Ideal Society : What Makes A Good Society?887 Words   |  4 Pagesdecades that Americans stand for freedom, such as freedom of speech and religion. I believe that we are still representative of those freedoms to an extent. If I were part of the Muslim religion I would probably have fear that others would judge me or deny me my rights to practice my religion. There are a large number of p eople in society currently who seem to be ignorant of who is a threat and who is not a threat. I do believe that the United States does stand for equality and freedom, however, there willRead MoreUncle Sams Thanksgiving Dinner Analysis1155 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Uncle Sam’s Thanksgiving Dinner† and â€Å"America The Land of Opportunity†, both cartoons show different aspects of immigration. America was founded by immigrants. Our brave and heroic founding fathers set out to create a new nation. The founding fathers wanted to get away from the burdens in England and establish a new colony unlike any around. This nation would be free of unjust rule and any tyranny. They wanted citizens of the country to have rights that would never be taken away. We all cameRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Cultural Diversity1394 Words   |  6 Pagestraditional cultures are disappearing since diverse cultures play a critical role in the society. Many people have been experiencing the negative effects of the globalization process. This paper will be focused on the impact of globalization on cultural diversity. First, it is about the concept of multiculturalism which is an adequate concept of culture today. Second, it will be explained about the difference of cultures which are supposed to considered equal by defining the term minority and providing anRead MoreOppression in Diversity Essay1393 Words   |  6 PagesOppression in Diversity Diversity has caused problems ever since the first Europeans landed in the West Indies and up in till present day. Every Meeting between different races, different cultures, and different skin colors has made people see diversity among each other. Diversity has caused people to kill, to conquer, and to destroy. The fact that diversity is apart of the United States of America has made this country as great as it is today. Diversity in America started in 1492 betweenRead MoreAmerican Identity1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe five key values that were studied and learned about in class were civic engagement, freedom, equality, patriotism and democracy. I do not believe that one of these values is more American than the other though three of these mean more to me personally than others. Patriotism, freedom, and equality. Together they make the United States of America unique from any other country. Yes, some countries have freedom, but no other country in the world is like ours because we hold these values nearest andRead MoreDiversity Consciousness Of The Us1059 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity Consciousness of the US After reading the essay, â€Å"Deconstructing America† by Patrick J. Buchanan, he did not want people to understand that the U.S still accepts people from other nations, people in other countries. He thought the diversity, equality and democracy are the three things important for America to develop a great system. His point also lets me rethink that America tries to keep different groups to  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬-build a good community. However, I totally disagree with his mainRead MoreThe Effects Of Religion On The Early Ancient History955 Words   |  4 Pagescontrol people like in England, so there were many people from lower levels felt obstructive and they needed freedom. America was the place for them to come to get their freedom, so it created diversity in religion of America. As the name United States can be explained that the country is assemblage of many races and nationalities come and live together spread out in fifty states of America. Each of race and culture has their own identity. For example in Western culture they believe that every personRead MoreReaction to â€Å"Introduction to a New America†935 Words   |  4 PagesReaction Paper to â€Å"Introduction to a New America† Professor Diana Eck in Chapter One of â€Å"Introduction to a New America† highlights the emerging new religious climate in the United States. The United States has always been a country of many religious traditions due to the Constitutional right of Freedom of Religion. But since the 1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act, signed by President Johnson, America’s borders have seen a tremendous influx of individuals from around the world. There areRead MoreRacism in America Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pagesform a unified whole, and even though America prides itself on being this melting pot racism is still alive and well today. America is supposed to be the land of opportunity, the country that calls to so many; calling to them with the promise of freedom and prosperity, to live their lives as they see fit. As stated in the National Anthem, America is the land of the free and the home of the brave. America is the country where dreams can come true. So if America has emerged as a single people and nation

Social Work Is The Profession - 735 Words

I. Social Work is the profession by which to help others in need A. Social Workers Assess and Advocate for others in need B. They work as an intermediary to connect people with helpful services II. Older population A. Any individual over the age of 65 is apart of the older population B. The Older population is growing and there for more services will need to be utilized because people are living longer C. With more services being utilized more cost will incur D. 40% of people need assistance and one third is over 75(U.S Bureau of Census 2000), (Harootyan, L. K., Berkman, B. (2003). III. Social Workers also act as case managers when advocating for clients A.†A case manager coordinates and ensures that all services needed by the client (medical,financial,legal,etc)a are in fact provided.†( Suppes, M., Wells, C. (2013) B. Case Management involves both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary acts (Harootyan, L. K., Berkman, B. (2003) C. A Case manager would normally meet either at a facility or the clients home in order to properly assess the clients situation in regards to he/she’s health, living conditions, diet, etc†¦. D. If properly assessed and treated by the Social Worker, clinic and hospitalizations can be reduced while increasing the overall homeostasis of the client and his/her situation. E. â€Å"A Case management model based on the strength perspective has been presented by Tice and Perkins (1998). This model follows the regular case management structure (intake,Show MoreRelatedSocial Work As a Profession685 Words   |  3 PagesChoosing social work as my future profession was a decision I made after much reflection, considering the fact that more than just a profession, social work is a vocation that I must commit to, professionally and personally. One of the main reasons why I decided to pursue social work as my future profession is that I have always been interested and passionate about social issues, particularly those I find relevant to my life. My experience living close to informal settlers in my community exposedRead MoreThe Profession Of Social Work1290 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the main purposes of my interest in the profession of social work is to gain the knowledge and skill set to effectively help, counsel, and accordingly, provide services for all individuals so that their problems and needs are met. The profession of social work can be rigorous, yet it is a rewarding career that I am ready and willing to engage in. With the career being very diverse, it allows me to devote to my community in a number of ways from working in mental health to provide adequateRead MoreSocial Work As A Profession1309 Words   |  6 PagesSocial work as a profession is a universal and opportunistic field. The field itself ranges from placements in mental health to even education. One of the most prominent and growing areas in the field is medical social work. According to the NASW, social workers in hospitals and medical centers provide frontline services to patients with conditions spanning the entire healthcare continuum. Medical social work includes settings such as hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, etcRead MoreThe Profession Of Social Work1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe profession of Social Work introduced itself to me at a very tender age. My personal interest in the social work field was solidified when I lived with my paternal aunt and her abusive ex-husband. At age 13, my traits of compassion, empathy and patience allowed me to mentor and guide my aunt when she was most vulnerable. For the past half decade, I have maintained a constant and consistent path to social work, with the hope to obtain my LCSW (licensed clinical social worker) and empower our mostRead MoreSocial Work As A Profession1826 Words   |  8 PagesWistner Social Work as a Profession University of South Alabama â€Æ' Abstract Social Work throughout the professional world has had to battle for it to be recognized as a profession and really made scholars define what a profession really is. Though it took a long amount of time and a lot of people fighting for it, Social Work has finally begun to be recognized as a profession and not just a job. This paper aims to focus on what makes Social Work a profession and what it takes to become a Social WorkerRead MoreSocial Work As A Profession1928 Words   |  8 PagesSocial work, as a profession, has developed greatly over the years. As an actual profession, social work did not truly begin until the 1900s. In the 1920s schools of social work developed uniform standards for the training and education used. These standards were developed by the American Association of Schools of Social Work, which later merged and became the Council on Social Work Education. This is the group that currently regulates curriculum taught by social work schools. In 1955 the NationalRea d MoreSocial Work As A Profession1869 Words   |  8 PagesStatement Cutley S. Thadison Purpose of social work choice of social work as a profession. Social Work is a powerful, selfless profession. We as a profession enable persons within a community achieve positive and beneficial goals. We speak for those who can’t speak for themselves while teaching them how to speak for themselves. The profession of social work is about putting the needs of others before self. I have decided to pursue social work as a profession due to my desire of wanting to help othersRead MoreThe Profession Of Social Work1761 Words   |  8 Pagesdefining social work, the phrase â€Å"a helping profession† is used quite frequently. The profession is often misconstrued with promoting the distribution of welfare. Often times, this stereotype amuses me because social work is remarkably so much more. Not only do people fail to realize that social work is one of the broadest occupations that offers various work environments, but also they neglect one of the key goals besides the act of helping: empowerment. Yes, the profession of social work st rivesRead MoreSocial Work As A Profession907 Words   |  4 PagesA) I would describe social work as a profession that seeks to help individuals, families, and groups in multiple ways. Social work takes into account benefits of society as well as individuals and therefore seeks for a solution to a problem that would be the most moral and right thing to do. The social work profession has multiple careers that assist with several issues such as adoption, mental health, addictions, poverty and homelessness, hospice care, and immigration and aboriginal treatment. EachRead MoreThe Social Work Profession2035 Words   |  9 PagesIn the social work profession, the primary goal is to aid and empower individuals or families who are faced with oppression, vulnerable in society, and living in poverty (Code of Ethics, 2008). Social workers strive to improve the welfare of those who need assistance meeting their daily basic essentials for survival. According to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarch y of Basic needs, a person requires five clusters to make them an integrated and self-motivated whole in society. The five clusters include: physiological

Movie Analysis Fun Home And The Short Film Pariah

The graphic memoir Fun Home and the short film Pariah both contribute to a conversation on intersectional politics regarding respectability and normativity. The Bechdel family in Fun Home maintain a perfectly respectable familial faà §ade to the external world even as the complications of Bruce Bechdel’s sexual appetites and inclinations threaten to tear the family apart internally. Likewise, Alike’s gender identity and sexuality creates a conflict in her family as they try to uphold middle-class respectability. In both contexts, respectability intersects with normativity and performance of normativity, however, both texts also challenge assumptions about the ways in which respectability politics intersect with normativity, especially in regards to family and kinship dynamics. Respectability politics plays a huge role in the everyday life of the Bechdel family because Bruce constantly negotiates his queer identity by hiding his actions from the outside world. Even though he engages in illicit sexual acts with young men, he hides behind his family name and his good standing within the community. Therefore, he remains respectable while also hiding his proclivities from his family and forcing them to broker the family dignity through performance. Furthermore, Bruce hides the chaos of his family life and can still find acceptance within the larger society. Helen, and the children provide Bruce with protection and ensure the continuation of a perfect nuclear-familyShow MoreRelatedCase Study Ob5865 Words   |  24 Pagescar, SUV, ski trips, and all of the things a successful engineering career could bring. The company grew in leaps and bounds, and John was one of the main reasons it grew so fast. Work was fun. The company was growing, his responsibilities i ncreased, and he and his team were real buddies. With Karens help at home, he juggled work, travel, and evening classes that led to a masters degree. The masters degree brought another promotion—this time to vice president of technology at the young (for thisRead MoreAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication29172 Words   |  117 Pagescultures in the world is a common language and by earning it through respecting other peoples culture and religion; the favor is returned. Cross Cultural Communication Consultants Cross cultural communication consultants have come a long way in the short period of time such specialists have been in demand. No longer are they expatriates with a few years overseas experience and the capability to impart their knowledge onto others. Cross cultural consultants now bring expertise that is founded upon aRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesfollowing classification of cases by subject matter to be helpful. I thank those of you who made this and other suggestions. Classification of Cases by Major Marketing Topics Topics Most Relevant Cases Marketing Research and Consumer Analysis Coca-Cola, Disney, McDonald’s, Google, Starbucks Product Starbucks, Nike, Coke/Pepsi, McDonald’s, Maytag, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Newell Rubbermaid, DaimlerChrysler, Kmart/Sears, Harley-Davidson, Boeing/Airbus, Merck, Boston Beer, Firestone/FordRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesButler University Jennifer Palthe, Western Michigan University Dennis Passovoy, University of Texas at Austin Karen Paul, Florida International University Laura Finnerty Paul, Skidmore College Anette Pendergrass, Arkansas State University at Mountain Home Bryan Pesta, Cleveland State University Jeff Peterson, University of Washington Nanette Philibert, Missouri Southern State University Larry Phillips, Indiana University South Bend William Pinchuk, Rutgers University at Camden Eric Popkoff, Brooklyn

Position Statement Critique National Competency

Question: Discuss about the Position Statement Critique for National Competency. Answer: Introduction: The position statement provided is well-structured with a clear introduction to the nursing competency standards related to the nursing research, as well as, a conclusion regarding the importance of funding for nursing research. As the topic of the paper is the availability of the funding over the next upcoming years for providing grant money for the nursing research and cooperative nursing research centers, the position statement is related to the topic and covers the importance of nursing research and why it should be funded. The national competency standards are the set of core standards for the registered nurse and is used for assessing the performance of the registered nurse. In this position statement, a clear link to the national competency standards for Registered Nurse have been made as while describing the importance of nursing research. The nursing standards 3.1, 3.2, and 7 are used to explain the relevance and importance of nursing research ("National competency standards for the registered nurse", n.d.). Moreover, the position statement also included few examples that provided a rationale how research in nursing can improve the quality of the provision of the nursing care services and its outcome on the patients. Though the position statement included that the use of extensive research has improved the outcomes of health care services on the patient, it could also include certain evidence regarding the effects of extensive research in the provision of evidence-based care. For instance, certain research has been made by various researchers that include how the evidence-based care has been improved by the use of nursing research and how they impact the attitudes and behavior of nurses in the health care setting ("American Association of Colleges of Nursing | Nursing Research", 2006) . It could include the experience of various nursing students who participated in the nursing research program and how they influenced them. The experiences of the nurse can be used as a real evidence for proving the importance of nursing research in the health care setting. One such study is carried by Martha et al., where they chronicled the learning experiences of the undergraduate nurses who were given an opportunity to participate in a funded project by the National Institute of Nursing Research. By using such experiences, the opportunities, benefits, responsibilities, as well as, outcomes of the nursing research on the nursing practice could be explained with more evidence and in a clear manner (Tingen, Murchison, Burnett, 2009). Moreover, the more evidence can be provided in support of the barriers in the carrying of nursing research and how funding can impact the support of evidence-based practice, which is a requisite and important parameter for registered nurses according to the national competency standards ("Nurse practitioner standards for practice", 2013). However, despite of these above mentioned evidences , the position statement has covered the importance of nursing research in the provision of healthcare setting and was successful in providing the evidences with the help of few examples that how the nursing research has benefitted the outcome of healthcare services on the patient and why funding should be provided in the nursing research. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing | Nursing Research. (2006).Aacn.nche.edu. Retrieved 7 September 2016, from https://www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/position/nursing-research. National competency standards for the registered nurse.Nursing And Midwifery Board Of Australia. Nurse practitioner standards for practice. (2013).Nursing And Midwifery Board Of Australia. Tingen, M., Murchison, R., Burnett, A. (2009). The Importance of Nursing Research.J Nurs Educ.,48(3), 167-170.

Psychology for Philosophical Spiritual Ideas- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePsychology for Philosophical Spiritual Ideas. Answer: On Being Human Philosophical-spiritual ideas This topic is looking at the comparison and contrasting of the cultivation of the Confucian ren and the Daoist wuwei in the East Asia religions in relation to the rapport family aspect. Rapport is the interaction between humans and their respective environment. Here we shall see how different peoples environment aspects were viewed at different times bearing in mind the cultural, natural and spiritual aspects of interactions. We shall look at how ideas and the changing notions of rapport affected both China and Japan under two types of historical pressures that are inner and outer pressures. Inner pressure is tensions within ideas that need clarification, application and elaboration to be taken into account. Outer pressures on the other hand are challenges faced when dealing with foreign ways of doing things and thinking. Different people of East Asia that is China, Japan and India viewed being human in different aspects of beliefs and practices. Comparison and contrasting of the cultivation of the Confucian ren and the Daoist wuwei When the Indias Buddhist traditions arrived in China through central Asia during the Common Era, there were major impacts that were felt in China (deBarry 2). The previous classic Daoist and Confucian traditions that were practiced in China developed new and elaborate institutions, practices and teachings once they got centuries interactions with Buddhists. Before the introduction of Buddhas teachings, the former Confucians and Daoists teachings understood themselves as members of a family (ja) instead of a member of a religion (jao). However, as the families grew, their previous traditions became more complex and new terms came up to define them. The Daoists (Daojia (DAH-oh-jee-AH)) family became interested in the idea of becoming immortal and saw Laozi as a celestial being that would make that possible while the Confucians became interested in Kongzi as a revered ancestor and perfect sage. These two different ideologies of the meaning of being human brought about tension in the two families. The Buddhists built monasteries and the Daoist rituals and ethics were greatly influenced by Indias Buddhist traditions than the Confucians. The Buddhist ethics and meditation also greatly influenced the Confucians conceptions of how they can achieve various stages of sagehood as this was what they were interested in practicing. Many elaborate institutions were developed by both Confucians and Daoists even though both practiced different beliefs. The Daoists concentrated in building institualized religion and the Confucians retained their ties with educational institutions. During the Sui and Tang dynasties (589-906 C.E)Daoist and Buddhist traditions had heavy influence on both philosophical and political realms while the Confucians were mainly involved with educational institutions (Daojiao (DAH-oh-jee-AAH-oh)) dedicated in preparation of young men into access to government positions (Hinton 12). Therefore it is true to say that the entry of Buddhism into Chinese greatly influenced Chinese traditions and institutions and this brought about notable changes in both the earlier Confucians and Daoists teachings and traditions. Transformation of Japanese identity The Chinese civilization brought a major impact to Japan during the eighth century C.E. where the Chinese Buddhist and the neo-Confucian traditions took hold of Shinto Japan. The Japanese aggressively adopted the Chinese architecture, writing, fine arts, government policies, philosophy, rituals, social ethics and meditation styles (deBarry 5). Neo-Confucian also greatly influenced the Japanese social attitude such as emphasis on education, reverence for ancestors and the Five Moral relations. Entry of Buddhism into Japan also affected the religious life in relation to monastic institutions, view on human salvation and the meditation styles. The Daoism sparsely impacted Japan in concepts of Japanese popular life in relation to divination and a schedule of good-and bad-luck days (Hendrischke 4). Japanese notion of what is meant to be human was majorly influenced by appreciation of the natural world which was enlivened by Kami of the sun (Amaterasu (AH-mah-tehr-AAH-soo)). The Japanese c reated a rapport with the natural world and even with the entry of the Chinese culture; the Japanese maintained their worldview that was free of Confucian foreign influence. The Japanese chose to maintain their traditional mindset as well as filter the foreign concepts that they wanted from those they did not want through the help of a literary movement developed during the Japans Tokugawa dynasty (1603-1867). The Japanese notion on what it means to be human is related to continuity of human beings and their rapport to nature brought about by Kami. Even with the entry of Neo-Confucian values and cultures into Japan, the Japanese came up with a movement that was meant to purify Shinto of its Chinese cultural accretions. The worship of objects of nature such as the sun, moon, wells, rocks, trees, streams among others continued into the modern Japanese (Wheeler 7). Conclusion Throughout history, different aspects of the environment where human being live have greatly influenced human beliefs and cultures. The idea of what is meant to be human can be viewed reflectively as an insider so as to gain more in-depth knowledge on the three different regions that are Japan, India and China. Most traditions focus on the cultural, spiritual and natural world of human rapport and the three traditions have their own understanding of the connections. For example, the Confucians understand and emphasize rapport between humans as shown through the five moral relations in terms of civilization. The classical Daoism understands and emphasizes rapport between humans and nature as a spontaneous action-less action (wuwei) as a perfect expression of humanity. On the other hand the Traditional Shintoists of Japan understands and emphasizes the rapport among humans, society, nature and the kami. Over time, each of these three East Asian rapport traditions, the notion of what it means to be human is evolved in different concepts. Many questions on what is to be believed in were debated upon severally and even so all the members of each tradition found the need to return back to their roots from time to time. As an insider I believe that both three approaches from the three different traditions are right that is Kongzi emphases on culture, Laozi emphasize on nature and Kobayashi Issa belief of a link between humans and nature. Work cited deBary, W.T., Bloom, I. (Compilers). Sources of Chinese tradition(Vol. 1, 2nded.). New York: Columbia University Press. (2007). deBary, W.T., Lufrano, R. (Compilers). Sources of Chinese tradition from 1600 through the twentieth century(2nded., Vol. 2). New York: Columbia University Press. (2009). deBary, W.T., et al. (Compilers). Sources of Japanese tradition(Vol. 2, 2nded.). New York: Columbia University Press. (2015). deBary, W.T., et al. (Compilers). Sources of Japanese tradition: Earliest times to 1600(2nded., Vol. 1). New York: Columbia University Press. (2011). Hendrischke, B. The scripture on great peace: The Taiping jing and the beginnings of Daoism.Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. (2006). Hinton, D. (Trans.). The analectsConfucius.Washington, DC, Counterpoint. (2008). Wheeler, P. The sacred scriptures of the Japanese.Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. (2013). Xinzhong, Y. An introduction to Confucianism.Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. (2010).

Menunjukannya dalam bentuk puisi Essay Example

Menunjukannya dalam bentuk puisi Essay Abstrak Taufiq Ismail merupakan sosok yang mempunyai bakat dalam memberikan pemasukan. Pemasukan-pemasukan tersebut diekpresikannya lewat puisi-puisi yang Iowa tulis. Pada umumnya Taufiq mengarang puisi dalam konteks bernafaskan politik dan agama. Puisi-puisi yang bersangkut paut dengan politik, khususnya tahun 1960an, sering dikritik oleh Taufiq Ismail karena pada zaman tersebutlah Republik Indonesia mengalami krisis ; seperti, PKI dan perubahan orde lama ke orde baru. Dengan adanya aspirasi keagamaan, menunjukkan kita bahwasannya Taufiq Ismail merupakan Pongo pygmaeus yang taat dan teguh dalam memeluk keimanan. Aspirasi politik dan agama tersebut sering dikaitkan kedalam puisi-puisinya agar kita sebagai pembaca atau pendengar dapat mengkaitkan kritiknya dengan posisi kita dalam seseorang yang menganuti ajaran agma. Puisi-puisinya juga terkadang terbentuk dalam sebuah nasehat. Pada umumnya, puisi yang bersifat nasehat terdapat unsur-unsur keagamaan demi membuat kita tersentuh akan saran dan pendapat yang Iowa berikan. Dalam pembuatan puisi, pemilihan kata yang tepat seperti kata kita sering digunakan demi membuat suasana cosmopolitan dan nyata. Ada pula rima yang bersamaan demi membuat puisi lebih bermakna. Banyak kata-kata figuratif yang digunakan oleh Taufiq seperti halnya Gayatri yang mengartikan reinkarnasi akan semangat untuk melanjutkan perjuangan. Penulisan puisi yang cukup jenius ini memberikan kita sebagai pembaca atau pendengar minat untuk mengamatinya serta memberikan kita inspirasi. Pada dasarnya, esai ini merangkupi analisa terhadap karangan Taufiq Ismail yang berunsur politik dan agama yang terbentuk dalam puisi. Terdapat kata pengantar yang member penjelasan tentang Taufiq Ismail dan karangannya yang akan di bahas, Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence Dari analisa tersebut sendiri, dan kesimpulan atas analisa dari puisi-puisi itu. Analisa ini Akan setidaknya memberi gambaran atas bagaimana seorang Taufiq Ismail membuat puisi dalam konteks kea gamaan dan politik. We will write a custom essay sample on Menunjukannya dalam bentuk puisi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Menunjukannya dalam bentuk puisi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Menunjukannya dalam bentuk puisi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer KATA PENGANTAR Taufiq Ismail ialah seorang penyair yang lahir di Bukittinggi pada tanggal 25 Juni, 1935. Sosok kelulusan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan di Universitas Indonesia ini lebih dikenal sebagai penyair yang unik atas karangan-karangannya yang bernafaskan politik dan agama. Semangat untuk menjadi penyair diawali dengan rasa cinta untuk membaca lembaran-lembaran puisi karangan orang sebelumnya dan juga sejarah, politik, dan agama. Karya-karya Taufiq banyak mendapatkan penghargaan Dari negeri sendiri maupun negeri luar: penghargaannya diatara lain ialah, Anugerah Seni Dari Pemerintah ( 1970 ) , Cultural Visit Award Pemerintah Australia ( 1977 ) , South East Asia Write Award dari Kerajaan Thailand ( 1994 ) , Penulisan Karya Sastra Dari Pusat Bahasa ( 1994 ) . Dua kali ia menjadi penyair tamu di Universitas Iowa, Amerika Serikat ( 1971-1972 dan 1991-1992 ) , lalu pengarang tamu di Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur ( 1993 ) [ 1 ] . Taufiq Ismail merupakan seseorang yang mempunyai aspirasi politi k dengan rasa nasionalisme yang cukup kuat disertai keimanan sebagai umat Islam yang teguh. Atas karakteristik yang Iowa miliki, Taufiq pun memberi pendapatnya melewati puisi-puisi yang dikarangnya. Keunikannya inilah yang mengantarnya untuk mendapatkan penghargaan-penghargaan tersebut. Banyak contoh-contoh puisi yang menunjukan rasa nasionalisme yang dapat membangun semangat akan citra bangsa dengan gambaran kondisi yang sedang dialami pada Masa tertentu. Banyak juga contoh-contoh puisi yang mempunyai unsur-unsur keagamaan. Contoh-contoh puisinya dapat ditemukan di kumpulan puisi Tirani dan Benteng . Puisi-puisi dalam rangkuman Tirani dan Benteng dikarang pada tahun 1960an dimana Indonesia pada saat tersebut sedang mengalami banyak krisis. Kata tirani datang Dari kata tiran dalam Indonesian Yunani yang bermakna seorang aristokrat pada rain tree dahulu di Yunani. Pada waktu 1960an, terjadi perubahan Dari orde lama ke orde baru. Taufiq Ismail wordplay banyak menunjukan komentar nya Dari sudut aspirasi kepolitikannya dan juga dikaitkan dengan unsur-unsur keagamaan. Bagaimanakah Taufiq Ismail dapat menunjukan sudut pandangnya tersebut kedalam puisi sehingga pembaca dapat mengambil kesimpulan tentang keadaan dan kondisi pada saat tersebut? Disinilah dimana puisi-puisi Taufiq dapat dianalisa untuk mengetahui mengapa kita sebagai pembaca dapat merasakan semangat di dalam jiwa sang penyair terhadap kondisi pada zamannya. Akan ada terbagi dalam tiga bagian: puisi-puisi yang bergerak pada bidang politik, puisi yang bergerak pada bidang politik, dan puisi yang bergerak pada bidang politik dan agama. Dengan adanya pembagian ini, akan lebih terlihat jelas makna dari unsur-unsur politik dan agama yang ingin disampaikan Taufiq. CONTOH PUISI YANG BERGERAK PADA BIDANG POLITIK Salah satu contoh puisi yang mempunyai sifat pada bidang kepolitikan dapat dilihat di dalam rangkuman Tirani . Puisi tersebut ialah Sebuah Jaket Berlumur Darah dan puisi tersebut berbunyi: Ada penggunan diksi atau tata Indonesian yang unik. Menurut saya, kata-kata seperti Kami, mereka, dan semuanya bersifat universal. Ia membuat puisi ini menjadi bagian Dari masyarakat-masyarakat pada rain tree tersebut. Puisi ini seolah-olah berbicara untuk persepsi yang luas dan bermasyarakat. Jaket berlumur darah menunjukkan sebuah perjuangan yang menumpahkan darah dilanjutkan dengan kalimat kami semua menatapmu yang bermakna harapan. Kata jaket mengartikan alma mater parity mahasiswa dan darah mengindikasikan sifat Dari perjuangan. Duka yang agung dan kepedihan bertahun-tahun menunjukkan bahwasannya mereka telah lama menahan rasa sakit yang sangat dalam ; rasa tersiksa. Kata bertahun-tahun memberitahukan kita bahwa kejadian ini tercipta bertahun sebelum pemberontakkan terjadi, 1966. Dengan kata lain, tahun sebelumnya, 1965, ada persitiwa yang telah menyakitkan hati parity masyarakat ; peristiwa tersebut ialah ganyang PKI. Salah satu tokoh yang dapat menyimbolisasikan jaket berlumur darah ialah A.R. Hakim yang tertembak di saat pemberontakkan terjadi. Di come-on kedua, pendapat saya ialah sungai itu menyibolisasikan aparat keamanan. Mereka menahan parity mahasiswa untuk mencari kebebasan. Satu bukti bahwa sungai itu ialah aparat adalah mereka berlapis senjata dan sangkur baja . Sang penyair wordplay membuat parity pendengar atau pembaca untuk berpikir tentang kejadian apabila mereka tengah mundur dan meninggalkan perjuangan mereka selama ini ; mereka akan mematuhi peraturan yang tidak adil . Taufiq wordplay lalu membuat pernyataan di come-on berikutnya bahwasannya mereka telah menatap spanduk-spanduk yang berisi tentang ajakan untuk melawan pemerintahan. Disambung pada come-on berikutnya dimana penyair menyatakan spanduk atau slogan-slogan ajakan untuk memberntas ketidak adilan societal di pemerintahan ini telah tersebar luas ; melalui ocular maupun verbal. Namun yang unik Dari puisi ini ialah puisi ini diakhiri dengan ajakan LANJUTKAN PERJUANGAN! yang berarti mereka, walaupun risau dah gelisah serta merasa tertekan, tetap melanjutkkan perjuangannya untuk membentuk pemerintahan yang lebih baik. Kalimat ini dengan sengaja dikapitalisasikan atau dihuruf besarkan dengan tujuan memberi penegasan atau tekanan kepada parity pembaca atau pendengar bahwa mereka harus tetap melanjutkan perjuangan dan tidak menyerah begitu saja walaupun mereka berlumurkan darah maupun gugur. Alma Mater merupakan simbolisasi akan mahasiswa. Kalimat pertama merupakan pemberian semangat kepada mahasiswa yang berada di tengah demonstrasi epoch reformasi. Dari puisi ini, dapat di lihat bait per come-on bahwasannya sang penyair memberi semangat kepada rekan-rekan mahasiswa agar tetap tegar walau salat satu Dari mereka telah gugur. Sebagai tanda penjelasan yang lebih, ada pula potongan dari come-on pertama dimana dinyatakan menuju pemakaman ; siang ini memberi petunjuk untuk pembaca atau pendengar agar kita dapat mengidentifikasikan salat satu Dari mereka telah gugur. Sebagaimana telah dijelaskan, ada kemungkinan bahwa seseorang yang gugur tersebut ialah A.R. Hakim. Terletak di come-on ke dua, anakmu yang berani ; telah tersungkur ke bumi ; ketika melawan tirani memberi isyarat bahwa kepada orang tua daripada anak tersebut untuk tetap tegar karena anaknya wafat sebagai seorang pahlawan. Kata tirani menunjukkan kita bahwa Si anak tersebut melawan seorang aristokrat yang bertindak seperti penguasa besar karena kata tirani yang berdasarkan Dari Tiran merupakan seorang aristokrat yang cukup berkuasa di rain tree yunani kuno. Pada kesimpulannya, puisi ini menceritakan bagaimana seorang mahasiswa yang tengah memperjuangkan keadilan dengan melawan American ginseng tirani dan lalu gugur. Pengunaan rima yang sama pada come-on kedua seperti berani, bumi, dan tirani dapat memberikan sebuah sentuhan akan perasaan agar makna puisi dapat lebih ditangkap. Puisi di atas melukiskan kejadian demostrasi parity mahasiswa. Terjadi di saat pagi hari tiba, jalan parity mahasiswa wordplay diblokir. Kita sebagai pembaca dapat mengethaui bahwa jalannya telah diblokir Dari potongan kalimat barikade yang telah di oryx . Ketika itu langit pucat ; di atas harmoni membuat seolah-olah mereka yang datang untuk mencari keharmonisan dan lalu diricaukan oleh aparat yang ditetapkan oleh tirani . Di come-on kedua, telah di beritahukan kondisi yang cukup parah di mana parity aparat telah mempersiapkan baju dan persenjataan yang lengkap dan sebaliknya parity pemberontak, mahasiswa, hanya dapat menunggu dengan rasa gelisah. Kondisi yang sangat panas disertai debaran jantung akan penantian aparat di balik kawat. Bendera setengah tiang adalah sebuah petunjuk untuk memberi informasi bahwasannya adenosine deaminase yang gugur Dari mereka. Faktor oleh tertulisnya setengah tiang melambangkan seorang pahlawan yang telah gugur ; Taufiq melihat dirinya dan parity mahasiswa lainnya sebagai pemberontak yang adenosine deaminase untuk membela bangsa. Kata Gayatri yang dikapitalisasikan ialah seorang dewi yang dapat mengiterpretasikan harta, pendidikan, atau wordplay reinkarnasi. Karena puisi ini berhubungan dengan kematian maka asumpsi saya ialah Gayatri di sini merupakan interpretasi Dari reinkarnasi. Reinkarnasi itu wordplay dapat diartikan sebagai rasa semangat yang tiada matinya. Puisi wordplay namun ditutup oleh seorang ibu menengadah ; menyeka matanya yang basah yang menunjukan betapa sedihnya sang ibunda akan anaknya yang menjadi korban. Menurut saya, Taufiq Ismail membuat puisi ini dengan artian untuk menyadarkan kita sebagai pendengar untuk lebih menuaikan perasaan Akan pemerintahan orde lama yang terlihat tidak adil sehingga dunia politik wordplay kacau dan kemiskinan bertambah. Puisi di atas menceritakan suasana setelah serpihan demonstrasi parity mahasiswa dilaksanakan. Terlihat dari cara American ginseng penyair menulis bahwa mereka kurang berhasil dalam upaya melawan aparat setempat karena mereka mempunyai persenjataan lengkap sedangkan parity pemberontak hanya bermodalkan nyali dan semangat. Lalu merekapun mundur, bukan berarti menyerah, hanya tidak berdaya untuk melawan. Pilihan kata seperti merenung memperlihatkan kepada kita sebagaimana mereka tampak cukup kecewa. Mereka wordplay beristirahat di kampus, dan lalu melihat segeromboloan anak mahasiswa Dari Kota seberang seperti Bogor. Mereka dari mana-mana ; semuanya kumal, semuanya tak bicara menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa Dari Bogor tersebut juga di tengah memperjuangkan epoch reformasi yang baru. Meski mereka terlihat letih dan kumal, mereka pantang menyerah ; menyerah akan senjata Dari aparat yang ditetapkan oleh sang pemimpin. Karena keributan di Masa 1966 ini, parity mahasiswa ini juga sepakat bahwasannya mereka secara tidak langsung melupakan tugas aslinya parity mahasiswa, belajar, karena mereka tidak tahu apa yang bisa terjadi kapan wordplay. Kejadian pemberontakkan tersebut merupakan unsur-unsur politik yang lalu dijadikan ke dalam bentuk puisi oleh Taufiq. Namun, pemberontakkan yang dibicarakan itu berkaitan dengan keguguran dari salat seorang Dari mereka yang ternama ialah di saat Arif Rahman Hakim tertembak. Taufiq wordplay menunjukan keunikannya dalam mengemukakan pendapatnya Dari puisi dengan cara berbeda-beda. Salah satunya ia menggunakan nama temannya itu, Arif Rahman Hakim, di dalam puisinya. Taufiq memulai dengan seruan Kami tidak bisa dibubarkan ; apalagi dicoba dihalaukan ; dari gelanggan ini untuk mengispirasikan masyarakat bahwa mereka tidak akan menyerah. Taufiq pun seakan-akan ingin menyampaikan bahwa semangat yang tinggi dapat menghasilkan pasukan yang kokoh. Sejarah sedang singgah adalah sebuah ekspresi akan petunjuk mereka ingin membuat sebuah perubahan. Di sertai dengan sambutan yang baik untuk merubah Masa lalu sehingga kehidupan yang mendatang akan menjadi lebih baik. Di dalam puisi ini terdapat ingatan untuk pembaca atau pendengar untuk tidak menunda waktu untuk berbuat apa yang telah direncanakan. Lalu, penyair meletakkan nama Arif di dalam puisi untuk memperkuat makna perjuangan yang harus dilakukan secara cepat dan tegas. Menurut saya, kata Arif itu juga dapat diartikan sebagai kebijaksanaan ; jadi, Arif yang telah gugur dapat mengiterpretasikan kebijaksanaan yang hilang. CONTOH PUISI YANG BERGERAK PADA BIDANG AGAMA Taufiq Ismail walaupun seorang yang mengeritik keadaan sosial Dari beragam macam puisi, ia juga merupakan seseorang yang taat dalam beragama. Ia menulis puisi dalam aspek keagamaan yang cukup teguh. Salah satu contoh puisi yang memuat ansur-ansur keagamaan ialah Doa . Puisi di atas berwujud sebuah doa ; percakapan antara manusia kepada Tuhannya. Selain dari judul yang secara jelas memberitahukan kepada kita bahwasannya Iowa sedang berdoa, percakapan kepada Tuhan dapat dilihat dari hurup M yang dikapitalisasikan pada setiap kata yang mengartikan kamu. Ada kemungkin dimana Taufiq Ismail merasa berdosa akan tingkah lakunya yang mengelapkan hati akibat Dari demonstrasi terhadap pemerintahan. Seperti dituliskan di atas, telah nista Kami dalam dosa bersama ; bertahun-tahun membangun kultus ini ; dalam pikiran yang ganda ; dan menutupi hati nurani Taufiq Ismail bersama rekannya tidak sepenuhnya dapat memastikan apa yang mereka lakukan ini merupakan hal yang baik di sisi American ginseng pencipta, namun pemberontakkan ini ialah rasa keinginan untuk mewujudkan pemerintahan yang lebih baik. Akibat dari kontroversi ini, ada kemungkinan Taufiq Ismail memanjatkan doa agar segala kesalahnya dalam bertindak demi kebaikan itu segera diampunkan. Keseriusan T aufiq dalam mempanjatkan permohonan atas pengampunan dosa dapat dilahat dari cara Iowa mengulangi come-on yang berbunyi ampunilah Kami ; ampunilah ; amin sebanyak dua saltwort. Selain menjadi seseorang yang memandang tinggi soal sosial, Taufiq juga peduli dengan keteguhan agamanya. Demikianlah salat satu conoh puisi yang bergerak pada bidang agama yang dikarang oleh Taufiq Ismail. Karena rasa keteguhannya pada keagamaan cukup kuat, ia wordplay namun mencoba mengkombinasikan unsur-unsur keagamaan dengan politik. Bentuk daripada puisi seperti tersebut beragam ; ada yang berupa himbauan dan juga adenosine deaminase yang bersifat nasehat. Kedua komponen puisi itu Akan dianalisa pada bagaian selanjutnya. CONTOH PUISI YANG BERGERAK PADA BIDANG POLITIK A ; AGAMA Seperti yang diinformasikan di atas, ada puisi yang mengkombinasikan antara agama dan politik. Puisi pertama ini Akan mempunyai elemen himbauan. Himbain disini merupakan sebuah puisi yang menceritakan soal seorang ibunda yang merelakan serta mengikhlaskan kepergian anaknya untuk berdemonstrasti melawan pemerintahan yang dianggap salat pada zamannya. Judul dari pada puisi tersebut ialah Dari Ibu Seorang Demonstran . Terdapat pada puisi di atas dimana rasa keagamaan yang bercampur dengan rasa keinginan untuk membentuk epoch reformasi yang baru. Di mulai dengan Ibu telah merelakan hookah ; untuk berangkat demonstrasi ; karena kalian pergi menyempurnakan ; kemerdekaan negeri ini yang menceritakan bagaimana seorang ibu bersedia anaknya untuk berjuang demi hak-hak rakyat yang belum tercapai serta kedamaian sosial untuk seluruh rakyat karena apalah arti kemerdekaan apabila kesengsaraan masih tetap meraja lela. Sang ibu juga bercerita tentang bagaimana aparat langsung menambak mati parity demonstran tanpa melempar gas air mata terlebih dahulu. Ada juga kutipan di atas dimana disebutkan delapan belas tahun yang lalu American ginseng ayah tertembak. Delapan belas tahun yang lalu merukapa periode Indonesia memperjuangkan kemerdekaannya di saat Belanda memasuki Indonesia kembali. demikian, sang ibu tetap ingin mereka, anak-anaknya, untuk tetap berjuang. Ciuman dari ibunda tersebut merupakan simbolisasi Akan doa restu atau persetujuan untuk melanjutkan perjuangan walau berbahaya. Ibunda juga memberi pengajaran agama di balik sebuah perjuangan dengan melafaskan nama Allah sebelum melakukan sesuatu. Melawan orang-orang yang bertindak tidak primanusiawi merupakan bagian Dari jihad dan oleh karena itu sangi ibu ingin mereka untuk berjuang di jalan Allah, sang pencipta, agar mereka selalu mendapat tuntunan yang benar. Dari kalimat sunyi Dari dendam dan kebencian saya menyimpulkan bahwa American ginseng ibu tidak ingin anaknya untuk membawa pemberontakkan ini dengan rasa dendam dan benci. Melawan karena rasa kebencian itu merupakan hal yang tidak baik, maka Dari itu sang ibunda menganjurkan anak-anaknya untuk berjuang di jalan yang Maha kuasa. Puisi di akhiri dengan aksi mulia pamitan Dari ketiga anak tersebut: Iwan, Ida, dan Hadi, untuk melanjutkan perjuangan. Pamitan tersebut menyimbolisasikan ke harmonisan dan juga kata pamit itu berkonotasi perpisahan. Penutupan terakhir yang terd apat di tanda kurung, tanpa menoleh lagi, tanpa kata-kata memberitahukan kita bahwasannya anak-anak tersebut telah rela untuk meninggal. Di dalam puisi ini, terdapat Taufiq Ismail memberi dukungan terhadap pemberontakan melalui unsur-unsur agama. Puisi ini merupakan salat satu contoh bagaimana Taufiq Ismail dapat mengabungkan aspirasi politik dan agama. Sifat dari kepolitikannya dapat dilihat dari dorongan untuk memberontak melawan aristokrat dan juga sifat Dari keagamaannya dapat dilihat dari himbauan American ginseng ibu untuk selalu mengingat kepada Allah dalam berjuang. Unsur politik yang mengandung nilai-nilai agama lainnya yang ditunjukkan oleh Taufiq Ismail dapat dilihat dari puisi Nasehat-Nasehat Kecil Orang Tua Pada Anaknya Berangkat Dewasa. Puisi ini mempunyai elemen yang berupa nasehat. Dapat di analisa bahwa pesan-pesan di atas berakhir pada tingkatan tertinggi yaitu Tuhan. Menyampaikan kebenaran dapat ditujukan kepada kepala pemerintahan rain tree tersebut. Di sambung dengan keyakinan yang tidak dapat di perjual belikan karena hal itu bersifat emosional dan menjadi rakyat yang di terus ditipu ialah tindakkan yang tidak manusiawi. Kalimat ini ditujukan lagi kepada kepala pemerintahan. Selanjutnya, di tujukan untuk semua secara cosmopolitan bahwa tindakan yang zalim harus segera di berantaskan ; termasuk hal-hal seperti pemerintahan yang tidak baik. Pohon-pohon di puisi ini menyimbolisasikan aristokrat-aristokrat yang zalim dan harus ditumbangkan. Bukan lah sang aristokrat seperti itulah yang harus diagungkan, melaikan American ginseng Rasul. Di rain tree 1966 ini, pemimpin berlaku kuasa dan tidak adil ; jadi, bukanlah Pongo pygmaeus seperti itu yang harus diharumkan namanya. Dan yang terakhir, gugur secara syahid di jalan Ilahi merupakan jalan yang terbaik. Seperti mana disebutkan pada puisi sebelumnya, memberantas keburukan ialah suatu pembentukan Dari jihad dimana apabila seseorang mati, dianggap Pongo pygmaeus tersebut mati syahid. Puisi ini sepertinya membandingkan sosok pemimpin dengan cara memberitahukan kepada kita bahwasannya bukan Pongo pygmaeus yang seperti mereka miliki di rain tree itu yang harus diagungkan, melainkan sosok seperti Rasul. Pengunaan rima yang sama pada puisi ini juga dipergunakan untuk memberi sentuhan kepada perasaan kita agar dapat memahami arti yang ingin Iowa sampaikan. Taufiq menyempatkan unsur agama di dalam nasehat tersebut yang secara tidak langsung mencerminkan bahwa Taufiq merupakan sosok yang mempunyai keteguhan dalam beragama. KESIMPULAN Kesimpulan dari semua puisi di atas ialah mereka berbicara untuk cosmopolitan serta makna yang cukup dalam untuk keadaan dan kondisi pada rain tree tersebut. Dapat terlihat pada seluruh puisi di atas, saya memilih epoch tahun 1966. Tahun 1966 merupakan epoch reformasi dimana keributan tengah terjadi ; jejak-jejak bekas PKI ( Partai Komunis Indonesia ) masih tersisa, revolusi yang cukup mengempar, dan perubahan orde lama. Banyak terdapat unsur-unsur kritik politik dan keadaan sosial. Di dalam kritik-kritik tersebut, Taufiq menyempatkan diri untuk meletakkan sisi keagamaan. Dari pernyataan ini, kita dapat mengetahui Taufiq Ismail ini ialah seseorang yang mempunyai keteguhan dalam beragama dan selalu bertindak dalam kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan dalam agamanya. Ada kalanya dimana Iowa mungkin sedikit takut akan dosa yang Iowa lakukan di saat berdemonstrasi, maka Dari itulah Iowa menunjukan rasa hibanya Dari puisi doa . Mengapa pada awalnya saya mengatakan universal? Saya mengataka n cosmopolitan berdasarkan kata kita yang terus dipakai oleh Taufiq dalam menulis puisi ini. Kata kita terus dipergunakan karena mengandung arti kebersamaan. Mereka secara bersama-sama berontak terhadap pemerintah. Dengan menggunakan kata kita, puisi wordplay akan terasa lebih dramatis karena perasaan yang mendengar atau membaca akan lebih kompak antara satu dengan lainnya. Segala kita di puisi ini mempunyai tujuan yang sama sehingga mereka semua terlihat bersatu. Taufiq Ismail membuat puisi-puisi ini seolah-olah parity mahasiswa adalah orang-orang yang benar. Apakah demikian? Itu tergantung kepada yang menginterpretasikannya. Walau bagaimanapun juga, Taufiq Ismail tetap menjadi seseorang yang legendaris di mata saya karena keunikannya. Ia unik dalam membuat kritik yang bersifat samar-samar namun melekat di jiwa. Seperti halnya puisi Arithmatik Sederhana, puisi ini merupakan puisi yang sangat sederhana dan lalu kritiknya wordplay terlihat samar, namun Pongo pygmaeus secara t idak langsung dapat merasakan efek sampingnya. Ada pula puisi yang berbentuk restu seorang ibu yang merelakan anaknya untuk bergegas melawan tirani. Puisi ini dapat menjadi sebuah himbauan untuk parity ibu-ibu untuk merelakan anak-anaknya berjuang. Dukungan atas semangat wordplay dapat dicurahkan melewati puisi, seperti puisi Sebuah Jaket Berlumur Darah. Pada puisi ini terdapat seseorang yang gugur. Orang yang gugur tersebut merupakan salat satu keguguran yang cukup dikenal oleh masyarakat, yaitu keguguran Arif Rachman Hakim. Ada juga puisi yang diciptakan berupa nasehat. Nasehat ini mempunyai alur cerita yang menyentuh permukaan agama ; contohnya, Nasehat-Nasehat Kecil Orang Tua Pada Anaknya Berangkat Dewasa. Apabila dianalisa, puisi Taufiq Ismail sering mempunyai unsur keagamaan terutama di saat puisi-puisi tersebut berwujud nasehat. Hampir segala karya Taufiq Ismail mempunyai pesan moral atau himbauan untuk kita di balik puisi-puisinya ; dengan cara yang berbeda-beda, Taufiq membuatnya unik dan berbeda. Bibliography Taufiq Ismail . Wikipedia Indonesian Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taufiq_Ismail gt ; . TIRANI dan BENTENG. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; li ; hypertext transfer protocol: //kelip2.multiply.com/journal/item/44 gt ; . Taufik Ismail | Penyair | Ensiklopedi Tokoh Indonesia. Tokoh Indonesia Ensiklopedi Tokoh Indonesia Ensikonesia | Tokoh Nasional Indonesian Famous | The Journalistic Biography. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tokohindonesia.com/ensiklopedi/t/taufiq-ismail/index.shtml gt ; . Tiran . Wikipedia Indonesian Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirani gt ; . Ismail, Taufiq. Tirani ; dan, Benteng dua kumpulan puisi. Djakarta: Yayasan Ananda, 1992. Print. Taufiq Ismail, Janji untuk Bertindak, dan Komunitas Terbayang. Kabut Institut. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //kabutinstitut.blogspot.com/2008/05/taufiq-ismail-janji-untuk-bertindak-dan.html gt ; . Tirani dan Benteng. Mengumpulkan Puisi Membaginya Juga. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //pecintapuisi.wordpress.com/category/taufiq-ismail/tirani-dan-benteng/page/2/ gt ; . hypertext transfer protocol: //id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taufiq_Ismail