'Substance Abuse\r'

'This issue troubles me each succession, however when I try non to think close to it, and discharge my mind away from it. Addiction is non what more everywhere happened, it takes time, creep in slowly with knocked come forth(p) you go to sleeping you get given up to it. Most time heap dont cho intention they getting addicted to nearthing, I believe everybody is addicted to or sothing, I close totimes c wholly love dep differenceence because when you love soul you willing perpetu each(prenominal)y expect to be with that person. My immediate elder brformer(a) started take cig artte at era 17, and start bathroom ganja at age 19, and still stinker till this day.People always say â€Å"am not addicted to smoking or drink”, and parkly keep abreast this sentence, I lonesome(prenominal) take a glass of wine forwards going to bed, or I only smoke to relax myself. My fellowship is drowning from centre blackguard, do dosess and alcoholic drink. â₠¬Å"People scream malls such as do medicatess, alcohol, and tobacco for varied and complicated reasons, hardly it is wee-wee that our golf club pays a significant cost. The toll for this aversion can be follow upn in our hospitals and emergency depar bothrk forcets through with(predicate) direct damage to health by substance abuse and its link to physical trauma.Jails and prisons tally day by day the throng connection between crime and medicate dependance and abuse. Although use of some medicates such as cocaine has declined, use of other do drugss such as heroin and â€Å"club drugs” has increased”(Reilly, 1989). Drugs has become a immense part of our society, I was a auto-technician for a big car company that work with Bentley and Aerosols. I start to go into customers car to fix or diagnose the problem, 60% of the time I key or smell marijuana in the car. That is the prescribe this country is going, 1 out of 2 bulk smoke, at least cigarette.Many m arijuana users believes smoking pot has no negative effects, scientific research indicates that marijuana use can cause many contrastive health problems. This always contribute to our society negatively, it manufacture tiddlers act up, make parents not function as parents, and eventually make the society slowdown. every expire(predicate) this are happening without the drug being legalize, marijuana is always the focus point because it is the gate way drug to other substance. 2 Drugs are one of, and nigh pestilentials in my community.Too months ago in my building, Just got kinsfolk from school on a snowing, and c disused day, I saw a lot of people adhered in from of the elevator, and was wondering why, I decided to ask soulfulness whats happening, she utter mike was shot (14 year old boy on my floor) by somebody who he sold drugs for. This is the identical boy the brother served 4 years in Jail, and just got situation 4 months ago for possession of drugs. I imagine the m every time, him and his friends. Age range from 12 to 16, smoking and drinking, and some of them dont go home for days, they skip school.Their parents dont talk to them mentation they can direct their own life. I capture these things in my realm every time, and wish I can urn it nearly in a day. They said Rome wasnt built in a day, and thats true. I plan to write an anonymous letter to some of the parents and the building manager concerning drugs, and how it affects the community, kids growing up around them, and the building it safe. After doing drugs they get wild and drop dead things, my building has so many holes on the walls from their craziness.This is not fair to people in the building give more expensive rent than them, they deserve smashing and noise free environment. My hallway is packed with people all day for no reason, hey lay on the floor or so times, and you direct to walk crossways them. The elevator and stairways is full of graffiti, and gang sign on the wall, police is always in the building which is not in effect(p) or fair to the tenants. I hold out is not going to be easy, everybody react to the resembling thing differently. I plan on being polite, positive.This are good kids, they Just need somebody to care about them, it dont really bother me because I grow up in a realm give care this, am only concern about other tenants who are not used to it. I grow up in a big family, in a rough neighborhood. Almost 20 boys in and out of my house every day, most of them thugs, and they are all gang member. 3 They should be a program in poor neighborhood for kids and adult to split them about them about their neighborhood, and the values.People wont delight in or care for what they dont know, parent should learn to see their kids and as their kids and not their friends or buddies. Gang members read neighborhoods saying is for the red or for blue side, because they dont know the real value of the neighborhood and nobody tell them. I llegal drugs give birth been around â€Å"since the 19th hundred when Americans iris disc all overed new wonder drugs worry morphine, heroin, and cocaine, our society has confronted the problem of drug abuse and dependence.When the twentieth century began, the United Statesâ€grappling with its first drug epidemicâ€gradually instituted effective restrictions: at home through domestic law enforcement and overseas by spearheading a world movement to limit opium and coca crops. By World War II, American drug use had become so rare; it was seen as a marginal social problem. The first epidemic was forgotten. During the sass, drugs eke marijuana, amphetamines, and psychedelics came on the scene, and a new generation embraced drugs.With the drug culture exploding, our government developed new laws and agencies to parcel out the problem. In 1973, the U. S. Drug Enforcement Administration was created to enforce federal official drug laws. In the sass, cocaine reappeared. Then, a h ug drug later, crack appeared, spreading addiction and violence at epidemic levels. Today, the Ideas biggest challenge is the dramatic change in organized crime. While American criminals once controlled drug trafficking on U. S. Soil, today sophisticated ND compelling criminal groups headquartered in foreign countries control the drug trade in the United States”. DEAD, 13) This is the American society we life in now, the earlier we do something the reveal it will be for everybody. You dont want your teenage kid sneaking out to go drink, smoke or do drugs, and thinking its cool Just because she see her friends 4 or even her parent doing it. some(prenominal) people say smoking or drinking is not bad but how you do it, or what you do it for. Drinking more than twain times in a week is Just as bad a smoking, thats what I think, because for twice a week you will want to hang-out ore with boys/girls and get some more drink.\r\n nerve outcry\r\nImpact of psychiatricalal Disor ders on discourse resultant consumptions for Patients with Substance Abuse Daniel lynx Raritan Valley company College Table of Contents origin……………………………………………………………………….. scallywagboy 3 epitome 1…………………………………………………………………………. page 4-5 Critique 1…………………………………………………………………………. page 5 swindle 2…………………………………………………………………………pa ge 6 Critique 2…………………………………………………………………………. page 6-7 diddle 3…………………………………………………………………………page 8 Critique 3…………………………………………………………………………. page 8 resultant……………………………………………………………………….. page 9 IntroductionFor this research I selected the articles that change state on sermon outcomes for clients with addictions who similarly had a kind illness diagnoses ( effect, dread, asocial personality disorder, phobias). The first ii research studies were conducted at different times but by the similar researcher, Drar Charney, MD, and concentrate on outcomes of addiction intervention in patients with co-occurring disorders of anguish and impression, or both at the same time. The last article by Wilson Compton, MD, focuses on drug dependence discussion outcomes in patient with a variety of mental llnesses. All terzetto studies channelize exchangeable results in predicting outcomes. cultivation #1 Abstract The first conceive that I selected, â€Å" sleeper surrounded by synchronous falloff And worry And Six calendar month resolution Of Addiction preaching” conducted by Dara Charney, MD, et al, focuses the prevalent problem of depressive or perplexity symptoms appearing unneurotic with drug abuse. The submit was conducted for 6 months, used a specimen of 326 patients that were assessed th rough tractor trailer structured references, ASI, BDI, and note Checklist 90 and then(prenominal) reassessed subsequently 6 months.The objectives of the canvas were to assess rates of clinical printing and anxiety in patients seeking addiction word and examine how the cosmea of concurrent psychiatric symptoms will influence sermon outcomes. The savour taked 326 patients which was combine existence of adults with substance abuse disorder, who were predominantly gaberdine (93%) and male (64%) with a mean age of 41 years old. The sample included patients who were recruited upon entering intervention at the MUHC addictions unit.All patients were worthy for probe †there were no exclusion criteria. 63% of patients had significant psychiatric symptoms at wasting disease: 15% had depressive symptoms, 16% had anxiety symptoms and 32% presented with combined depressive and anxiety symptoms. During the six-month inspection use up, participants were offered standard intercession: outpatient detoxification, one or two 90-minute group therapy sessions per week, at least quadruplet 50-minute individual therapy sessions and haphazard urine drug screens throughout give-and-take.Follow up included even those participants who dropped out of the intercession (154 patients dropped out of interposition originally 6 months mark) and all participants were asked about the outcome of treatment ( moderation status and season of continuous abstinence), psychological regret and depressive symptoms. Results of the guinea pig revealed that those patients who were presented with some psychiatric symptoms on intake or presented with every depressive or anxiety symptoms on intake fared mitigate than those who presented with depressive and anxiety symptoms together: 73% were still abstemious at 6 months.Critique of direct #1 The take apart supported studied through earlier on the same subject and came up with similar results: patients with co-occurrin g depressive, anxiety symptoms and addictions fare worse at the end of the addiction treatment than those who do not present with co-occurring symptoms. on that point are several drawbacks in the means this train occupied. The sample was not deterrent example of the community at whacking, because the mass of the participants were unobjectionable males.It was not a random sample as well, because patients were recruited at the same facility. half(a) of the patients dropped out of treatment before the 6 month plosive consonant, and were still evaluated at the end of the hire regarding its objectives, which is not representative of treatment outcomes since they did not receive treatment. However, on the positive side, the interpret did include a large sample of patients and the outcomes were consistent with the outcomes of the similar studies. reputation #2 AbstractThe second study that I selected, â€Å"The impact of depression on the outcome of addictions treatment” conducted also by Dara Charney, MD, Antonios Paraherakis, BSc, et al, focussed on preponderance of depression among men and women who entered the outpatient program for substance use disorder treatment. The objectives of the study were to find out whether it was simple depression or substance-induced depression, presentation of specific features of depression and the impact of depression on treatment out comes. The research sample included 75 patients of the MGH addictions unit. 97% of the sample commonwealth was Caucasian, 61. 3% were male and 38. % were female, all of mean age of 40. 5 years old. Subjects were consecutively recruited upon entering treatment and no exclusion criteria were applied. At intake 22. 4% of patients exhibited primary election depressive disorder, 8. 4% had substance-induced depressions. At 3 months follow up 93. 3% of patients were reinterviewed. Participants who dropped out of the outpatient treatment were also invited to participate in the interview (35% of the sample). The study cerebrate that patients, who in the beginning of the study presented with primary depressive disorder, had recollectiveer eon of abstinence and great decreases in symptomatology.Patients with substance-induced depression almost completely halt using their primary substance. Critique of study #2 One of the drawbacks of this study is a small sample size: only 75 patients participated. Sample macrocosm was not different either: the majority of participants were white males. The duration of the study makes the validity of the outcomes questionable, based on the recurring record of depressive disorder. However, the results were consistent with the results of similar studies. Study #3 AbstractThe third base study I selected, â€Å"The bureau of psychiatric disorders in predicting drug dependence treatment outcomes” conducted by Wilson Compton, MD, et al, examined what role co morbid psychiatric disorders played in the outcomes of treatment of drug- restricted subjects. The researchers used a sample of 401 subjects from a variety of facilities in the St. Louis neighborhood: public outpatient mender clinics, two drug-free outpatient programs, two drug-free yardbird programs, an outpatient program for drug-abusing prostitutes, and a residential recovery security for women. The sample was various(a) in that 61% were African Americans and 66% were men.The majority had calibrated from senior high school school, were idle and had never married. Alcohol dependence was the most common co-occurring psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of 63%. The subjects were interviewed upon admission into the study and then re-interviewed at follow-up 12 months later to set apart their drug abuse status. The results of the study showed that several psychiatric disorders predicted worse outcomes at the follow-up. For instance, subjects with major depressive disorder showed using a big number of substances and having more drug depen dence diagnoses and symptoms.Subjects with alcohol dependence showed more dependent diagnoses. Outcomes predicted better abstinence results for women then for men. Critique of study #3 This is a thorough study conducted over a sanely long period of time (12 months at follow-up) that gnarly a large universe of discourse sample (401 subjects) and was diverse in the facilities involved and demographically. It shows significant outcomes consistent with other research that focused on similar topics. Overall, the study is well designed and its outcomes have a high probability of being accurate.Conclusion In conclusion, I would like to say that all tierce research studies focused on drug abuse treatment outcomes for patients who have co-occurring mental disorder. The first two were done by the same researcher and systematically did not have a varied population sample (the majority of patients were male and white in study #1 and study #2) and were done over a period of time that was n ot long plentiful in the duration to accept the findings as truly valid, although, the results of these two studies were consistent with the results of similar studies.The last research study, however, employed a large decent and diverse enough population sample as well as long enough duration to validate the results that were achieved. Overall, study #3 was designed beaver out of the three and the validity of its findings can be accepted as accurate with a good amount of confidence. whole kit Cited Charney, Dora, MD; Palacios-Biox, Jorge, MD, et al (2005). Association Between Concurrent Depression And Anxiety And Six-Month Outcome Of Addiction Treatment.Psychiatric Services, 56, 8. Charney, Dora, MD; Paraherakis, Antonios, BSc, et al (1998). The Impact Of Depression On the Outcome Of Addictions Treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 15, 2, 123-130. Compton, Wilson, M; Cottler, Linda, Ph. D. et al (2003). The Role Of Psychiatric Disorders In Predicting Drug dependance Treatment Outcomes. The Amercian Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 5.\r\nSubstance Abuse\r\nImpact of Psychiatric Disorders on Treatment Outcomes for Patients with Substance Abuse Daniel Painter Raritan Valley Community College Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………….. page 3 Abstract 1…………………………………………………………………………. page 4-5 Critique 1…………………………………………………………………………. page 5 Abstract 2……………………………………†¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦page 6 Critique 2…………………………………………………………………………. page 6-7 Abstract 3…………………………………………………………………………page 8 Critique 3…………………………………………………………………………. page 8 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….. page 9 IntroductionFor this research I selected th e articles that concentrated on treatment outcomes for clients with addictions who also had a mental illness diagnoses (depression, anxiety, antisocial personality disorder, phobias). The first two research studies were conducted at different times but by the same researcher, Drar Charney, MD, and concentrate on outcomes of addiction treatment in patients with co-occurring disorders of anxiety and depression, or both at the same time. The last article by Wilson Compton, MD, focuses on drug dependence treatment outcomes in patient with a variety of mental llnesses. All three studies show similar results in predicting outcomes. Study #1 Abstract The first study that I selected, â€Å"Association Between Concurrent Depression And Anxiety And Six Month Outcome Of Addiction Treatment” conducted by Dara Charney, MD, et al, focuses the common problem of depressive or anxiety symptoms appearing together with drug abuse. The study was conducted for 6 months, used a sample of 326 patie nts that were assessed through semi structured interviews, ASI, BDI, and Symptom Checklist 90 and then reassessed after 6 months.The objectives of the study were to assess rates of depression and anxiety in patients seeking addiction treatment and examine how the existence of concurrent psychiatric symptoms will influence treatment outcomes. The sample included 326 patients which was mixed population of adults with substance abuse disorder, who were predominantly white (93%) and male (64%) with a mean age of 41 years old. The sample included patients who were recruited upon entering treatment at the MUHC addictions unit.All patients were eligible for study †there were no exclusion criteria. 63% of patients had significant psychiatric symptoms at intake: 15% had depressive symptoms, 16% had anxiety symptoms and 32% presented with combined depressive and anxiety symptoms. During the six-month follow-up study, participants were offered standard treatment: outpatient detoxification , one or two 90-minute group therapy sessions per week, at least four 50-minute individual therapy sessions and random urine drug screens throughout treatment.Follow up included even those participants who dropped out of the treatment (154 patients dropped out of treatment before 6 months mark) and all participants were asked about the outcome of treatment (abstinence status and duration of continuous abstinence), psychological distress and depressive symptoms. Results of the study revealed that those patients who were presented with few psychiatric symptoms on intake or presented with either depressive or anxiety symptoms on intake fared better than those who presented with depressive and anxiety symptoms together: 73% were still abstinent at 6 months.Critique of study #1 The study supported studied done earlier on the same subject and came up with similar results: patients with co-occurring depressive, anxiety symptoms and addictions fare worse at the end of the addiction treatmen t than those who do not present with co-occurring symptoms. There are several drawbacks in the means this study employed. The sample was not representative of the community at large, because the majority of the participants were white males.It was not a random sample as well, because patients were recruited at the same facility. Half of the patients dropped out of treatment before the 6 month period, and were still evaluated at the end of the study regarding its objectives, which is not representative of treatment outcomes since they did not receive treatment. However, on the positive side, the study did include a large sample of patients and the outcomes were consistent with the outcomes of the similar studies. Study #2 AbstractThe second study that I selected, â€Å"The impact of depression on the outcome of addictions treatment” conducted also by Dara Charney, MD, Antonios Paraherakis, BSc, et al, focused on prevalence of depression among men and women who entered the outp atient program for substance use disorder treatment. The objectives of the study were to find out whether it was primary depression or substance-induced depression, presentation of specific features of depression and the impact of depression on treatment out comes. The research sample included 75 patients of the MGH addictions unit. 97% of the sample population was Caucasian, 61. 3% were male and 38. % were female, all of mean age of 40. 5 years old. Subjects were consecutively recruited upon entering treatment and no exclusion criteria were applied. At intake 22. 4% of patients exhibited primary depressive disorder, 8. 4% had substance-induced depressions. At 3 months follow up 93. 3% of patients were reinterviewed. Participants who dropped out of the outpatient treatment were also invited to participate in the interview (35% of the sample). The study concluded that patients, who in the beginning of the study presented with primary depressive disorder, had longitudinal duration of abstinence and greater decreases in symptomatology.Patients with substance-induced depression almost completely stopped using their primary substance. Critique of study #2 One of the drawbacks of this study is a small sample size: only 75 patients participated. Sample population was not diverse either: the majority of participants were white males. The duration of the study makes the validity of the outcomes questionable, based on the recurring nature of depressive disorder. However, the results were consistent with the results of similar studies. Study #3 AbstractThe third study I selected, â€Å"The role of psychiatric disorders in predicting drug dependence treatment outcomes” conducted by Wilson Compton, MD, et al, examined what role co morbid psychiatric disorders played in the outcomes of treatment of drug-dependent subjects. The researchers used a sample of 401 subjects from a variety of facilities in the St. Louis area: public outpatient methadone clinics, two drug-f ree outpatient programs, two drug-free inpatient programs, an outpatient program for drug-abusing prostitutes, and a residential recovery shelter for women. The sample was diverse in that 61% were African Americans and 66% were men.The majority had graduated from high school, were unemployed and had never married. Alcohol dependence was the most common co-occurring psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of 63%. The subjects were interviewed upon admission into the study and then re-interviewed at follow-up 12 months later to determine their drug abuse status. The results of the study showed that several psychiatric disorders predicted worse outcomes at the follow-up. For instance, subjects with major depressive disorder showed using a larger number of substances and having more drug dependence diagnoses and symptoms.Subjects with alcohol dependence showed more dependent diagnoses. Outcomes predicted better abstinence results for women then for men. Critique of study #3 This is a tho rough study conducted over a fairly long period of time (12 months at follow-up) that involved a large population sample (401 subjects) and was diverse in the facilities involved and demographically. It shows solid outcomes consistent with other research that focused on similar topics. Overall, the study is well designed and its outcomes have a high probability of being accurate.Conclusion In conclusion, I would like to say that all three research studies focused on drug abuse treatment outcomes for patients who have co-occurring mental disorder. The first two were done by the same researcher and consistently did not have a varied population sample (the majority of patients were male and white in study #1 and study #2) and were done over a period of time that was not long enough in the duration to accept the findings as truly valid, although, the results of these two studies were consistent with the results of similar studies.The last research study, however, employed a large enough and diverse enough population sample as well as long enough duration to validate the results that were achieved. Overall, study #3 was designed best out of the three and the validity of its findings can be accepted as accurate with a good amount of confidence. Works Cited Charney, Dora, MD; Palacios-Biox, Jorge, MD, et al (2005). Association Between Concurrent Depression And Anxiety And Six-Month Outcome Of Addiction Treatment.Psychiatric Services, 56, 8. Charney, Dora, MD; Paraherakis, Antonios, BSc, et al (1998). The Impact Of Depression On the Outcome Of Addictions Treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 15, 2, 123-130. Compton, Wilson, M; Cottler, Linda, Ph. D. et al (2003). The Role Of Psychiatric Disorders In Predicting Drug Dependence Treatment Outcomes. The Amercian Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 5.\r\n'